Dulińska-Litewka Joanna, Dykas Kacper, Boznański Stanisław, Hałubiec Przemysław, Kaczor-Kamińska Marta, Zagajewski Jacek, Bohn Torsten, Wątor Gracjan
Chair of Medical Biochemistry, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Mikołaja Kopernika Street 7C, 31-034 Krakow, Poland.
Student Scientific Group, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Bio-Chemistry, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Mikołaja Kopernika Street 7C, 31-034 Krakow, Poland.
Antioxidants (Basel). 2024 Jul 25;13(8):902. doi: 10.3390/antiox13080902.
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most common malignancy in men. Although the prognosis in the early stages is good, the treatment of advanced PCa remains a formidable challenge. Even after an initial response to hormone therapy or chemotherapy, recurrences are frequent and resistance to any systemic treatment is common. β-Carotene (BC), a plant-derived tetraterpene, is known for its antioxidant capacity and can modulate multiple cellular signaling pathways, potentially affecting androgen synthesis. We investigated the influence of BC (dissolved in EtOH/THF with a cell culture medium or encapsulated in liposomes (LP-BCs)) on the viability, migration potential, and connective tissue cleavage capabilities of several PCa cell lines (Du145, LNCaP, PC-3, and 22Rv1) and a healthy prostate model (RWPE cells). BC significantly reduced the proliferative capacity of all investigated cell lines at various concentrations (1.5-30 µM) and decreased cell migration. However, it significantly increased the expression of epidermal-mesenchymal transition (EMT) master proteins in all cancer cell lines and RWPE ( < 0.05) These effects were not observed with LP-BCs. This study suggests that LP-BCs, with their higher antiproliferative capabilities and pronounced inhibition of the EMT, may be a more effective form of possible PCa prevention or treatment than the free form. LPs may also modulate lipid metabolism in PCa cells.
前列腺癌（PCa）是男性中最常见的恶性肿瘤。尽管早期预后良好，但晚期PCa的治疗仍然是一项艰巨的挑战。即使在对激素疗法或化疗产生初始反应后，复发也很频繁，并且对任何全身治疗产生耐药性很常见。β-胡萝卜素（BC）是一种植物来源的四萜，以其抗氧化能力而闻名，并且可以调节多种细胞信号通路，可能影响雄激素合成。我们研究了BC（溶解于含细胞培养基的乙醇/四氢呋喃中或包裹在脂质体中（LP-BC））对几种PCa细胞系（Du145、LNCaP、PC-3和22Rv1）以及健康前列腺模型（RWPE细胞）的活力、迁移潜能和结缔组织裂解能力的影响。BC在各种浓度（1.5 - 30 μM）下均显著降低了所有研究细胞系的增殖能力，并减少了细胞迁移。然而，它显著增加了所有癌细胞系和RWPE中上皮-间质转化（EMT）主要蛋白的表达（< 0.05）。LP-BC未观察到这些效应。这项研究表明，LP-BC具有更高的抗增殖能力和对EMT的显著抑制作用，可能是比游离形式更有效的PCa预防或治疗形式。脂质体还可能调节PCa细胞中的脂质代谢。
