College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China.
Department of Entomology, MNS Agriculture University, Multan 66000, Pakistan.
Biomolecules. 2024 Jul 27;14(8):915. doi: 10.3390/biom14080915.
Satellite DNA repeats are repetitive DNA sequences found in eukaryotic genomes, typically consisting of short DNA motifs repeated in tandem arrays. Despite the vast body of literature on satellite DNA repeats in other taxa, investigations specifically targeting Tettigoniidae remain conspicuously absent. Our study aims to fill a critical gap in our understanding of satellitome evolutionary processes shaping Tettigoniidae genomes. Repeatome analysis revealed that the genome comprises 92%, and had the lowest value of 34%, with an average of 67% in other Tettigoniidae species. The analysis reveals significant variation in the number of satellite DNA repeats across species of the Tettigoniidae family, with exhibiting the highest count, 246, reported in insects to date and the lowest count, 10, in . and , which are congeneric species, showcase distinct counts of 104 and 84 families, respectively. Satellite DNA repeats in exhibit the highest abundance, constituting 17.2% of the total genome, while the lowest abundance was reported in , at 5.65%. The genome size correlates weakly with the satellite DNA family count (rs = 0.42, = 0.29), but a strong correlation exists between satellite abundance and family number (rs = 0.73, = 0.03). Moreover, the analysis of satellite DNA gain and loss patterns provides insights into the amplification and homogenization of satellite DNA families within the genome, with species-specific repeats exhibiting a positive trend toward amplification. The chromosomal distribution in displayed that the highest accumulation was observed on Chr12, Chr01, and Chr04, constituting 17.79%, 17.4%, and 17.22% of the total chromosome size, respectively. The chromosome-specific propagation of satellite DNA families was evident, with MthSat01 solely on chromosome 1 and MthSat170 on chromosome 2, sharing 1.64% and 2.33%. The observed conservation and variations in satellite DNA number and abundances, along with distinct patterns of gain and loss, indicate the influence of potentially diverse evolutionary processes shaping the genomic landscape of these insects, which requires further investigation. Furthermore, the differential accumulation of satellite DNA on specific chromosomes implies that potential chromosome-specific functions or structural features influence the retention and proliferation of satellite sequences.
卫星 DNA 重复序列是真核生物基因组中发现的重复 DNA 序列，通常由串联排列的短 DNA 基序组成。尽管有关其他分类群的卫星 DNA 重复序列的文献数量众多，但针对 Tettigoniidae 的调查仍然明显缺失。我们的研究旨在填补我们对塑造 Tettigoniidae 基因组的卫星组进化过程的理解中的一个关键空白。重复组分析显示，基因组由 92%组成，而 的值最低，为 34%，其他 Tettigoniidae 物种的平均值为 67%。分析表明，Tettigoniidae 科的物种之间卫星 DNA 重复序列的数量存在显著差异，其中 报告的昆虫中最高计数为 246，而最低计数为 10， 和 是同属种，分别显示出 104 和 84 个家族的明显计数。 中的卫星 DNA 重复序列丰度最高，占总基因组的 17.2%，而在 中报告的丰度最低，为 5.65%。基因组大小与卫星 DNA 家族数量呈弱相关（rs=0.42，=0.29），但卫星丰度与家族数量之间存在很强的相关性（rs=0.73，=0.03）。此外，卫星 DNA 增益和损耗模式的分析提供了关于卫星 DNA 家族在基因组内扩增和同质化的见解，具有物种特异性的重复序列显示出正向扩增的趋势。在 中的染色体分布显示，最高的积累发生在 Chr12、Chr01 和 Chr04 上，分别占总染色体大小的 17.79%、17.4%和 17.22%。卫星 DNA 家族的染色体特异性传播是明显的，MthSat01 仅存在于第 1 号染色体上，MthSat170 存在于第 2 号染色体上，分别共享 1.64%和 2.33%。卫星 DNA 数量和丰度的观察到的保守性和变异性，以及增益和损耗的独特模式，表明潜在的多样化进化过程影响了这些昆虫的基因组景观，这需要进一步研究。此外，卫星 DNA 在特定染色体上的差异积累表明，潜在的染色体特异性功能或结构特征影响卫星序列的保留和增殖。
