Ufimtseva Elena G, Gileva Margarita S, Kostenko Ruslan V, Kozlov Vadim V, Gulyaeva Lyudmila F
Federal Research Center of Fundamental and Translational Medicine, 2 Timakova Street, 630060 Novosibirsk, Russia.
V. Zelman Institute for the Medicine and Psychology, Novosibirsk State University, 1 Pirogova Street, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia.
Cancers (Basel). 2024 Aug 20;16(16):2886. doi: 10.3390/cancers16162886.
NSCLC is a very aggressive solid tumor, with a poor prognosis due to post-surgical recurrence. Analysis of the specific tumor and immune signatures of NSCLC samples is a critical step in prognostic evaluation and management decisions for patients after surgery. Routine histological assays have some limitations. Therefore, new diagnostic tools with the capability to quickly recognize NSCLC subtypes and correctly identify various markers are needed. We developed a technique for ex vivo isolation of cancer and immune cells from surgical tumor and lung tissue samples of patients with NSCLC (adenocarcinomas and squamous cell carcinomas) and their examination on ex vivo cell preparations and, parallelly, on histological sections after Romanovsky-Giemsa and immunofluorescent/immunochemical staining for cancer-specific and immune-related markers. As a result, PD-L1 expression was detected for some patients only by ex vivo analysis. Immune cell profiling in the tumor microenvironment revealed significant differences in the immunological landscapes between the patients' tumors, with smokers' macrophages with simultaneous expression of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, neutrophils, and eosinophils being the dominant populations. The proposed ex vivo analysis may be used as an additional diagnostic tool for quick examination of cancer and immune cells in whole tumor samples and to avoid false negatives in histological assays.
非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）是一种侵袭性很强的实体瘤，由于术后复发，预后较差。分析NSCLC样本的特定肿瘤和免疫特征是术后患者预后评估和管理决策的关键步骤。常规组织学检测存在一些局限性。因此，需要能够快速识别NSCLC亚型并正确鉴定各种标志物的新型诊断工具。我们开发了一种技术，用于从NSCLC患者（腺癌和鳞状细胞癌）的手术肿瘤和肺组织样本中体外分离癌细胞和免疫细胞，并对体外细胞制剂以及同时对经罗曼诺夫斯基-吉姆萨染色和免疫荧光/免疫化学染色检测癌症特异性和免疫相关标志物后的组织切片进行检查。结果发现，仅通过体外分析检测到部分患者的程序性死亡受体配体1（PD-L1）表达。肿瘤微环境中的免疫细胞图谱显示，患者肿瘤之间的免疫格局存在显著差异，同时表达促炎和抗炎细胞因子的吸烟者巨噬细胞、中性粒细胞和嗜酸性粒细胞是主要群体。所提出的体外分析可用作一种额外的诊断工具，用于快速检查整个肿瘤样本中的癌细胞和免疫细胞，并避免组织学检测中的假阴性结果。
