Burhoop Jordan E, Sperber Jessica L, Bittner Curt J, Hilscher F Henry, MacDonald Jim C, Erickson Galen E
Department of Animal Science, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583-0908, USA.
Animals (Basel). 2024 Aug 12;14(16):2329. doi: 10.3390/ani14162329.
Two experiments evaluated the impact of the reduction in the percentage of corn oil remaining in distillers grains plus solubles (DGS) after the ethanol plant de-oiling process or by adding corn oil back to DGS following de-oiling on finishing cattle performance and nutrient digestion. Experiment 1 utilized 320 yearling steers (initial BW = 413 kg; SD = 25 kg) fed in 32 pens (10 steers/pen) and assigned to one of four treatments (n = 8 pens/treatment). The four treatments consisted of a blended DRC:HMC corn control diet (CON), de-oiled modified distillers grains plus solubles included at 40% of diet DM (DODGS), de-oiled modified distillers grains plus solubles included at 38% of diet DM plus 2% added corn oil (DODGS + Oil), and full-fat modified distillers grains plus solubles included at 40% of diet DM (FFDGS). The DODGS product contained 8.9% fat while the FFDGS product contained 11.6% fat. Dry matter intake (DMI) was impacted by treatment ( = 0.01) with steers fed DODGS having the greatest DMI and steers fed CON, DODGS + Oil, and FFDGS having lower DMI. Dietary treatment tended to impact ADG ( = 0.06) with steers fed DODGS and DODGS + Oil having greater gains than CON, with FFDGS being an intermediate. As a result of increased ADG, G:F differed between treatments ( < 0.01) with the greatest feed efficiency observed for steers fed DODGS + Oil and FFDGS. Including MDGS in the diet improved G:F by 6 to 11% compared to feeding DRC:HMC corn blend, with an improvement in G:F of 4.9 and 1.2% for DODGS + Oil and FFDGS, respectively, compared to DODGS. Hot carcass weight was impacted by dietary treatment (HCW; = 0.05), with DODGS- and DODGS + Oil-fed steers having the heaviest HCW, CON steers having the lightest HCW, and FFDGS being an intermediate. Experiment 2 was a 5 × 4 unbalanced Latin rectangle digestion experiment with four diets, five ruminally cannulated steers, and five periods that utilized the same treatments as Exp. 1. Dietary fat measured 4.2, 6.0, 7.9, and 7.1% for CON, DODGS, DODGS + Oil, and FFDGS, respectively. Intakes of DM, OM, and energy as well as total tract fat digestibility and DE (Mcal/d) were not impacted by dietary treatment ( ≥ 0.46). When corn oil was added back to de-oiled MDGS, there was a negative impact on digestibility of OM ( < 0.01) and NDF ( = 0.07) compared with DODGS, FFDGS, and CON. Partially removing oil from modified distillers grains plus solubles did not significantly impact cattle performance, carcass traits, energy content, or digestibility when MDGS was included at approximately 40% of diet DM.
两项试验评估了乙醇工厂脱油工艺后酒糟及其可溶物（DGS）中剩余玉米油百分比降低，或脱油后向DGS中添加玉米油对育肥牛生产性能和养分消化的影响。试验1选用320头一岁公牛（初始体重=413千克；标准差=25千克），分入32个围栏（每围栏10头公牛），并分配到四种处理之一（每个处理8个围栏）。四种处理包括玉米干酒糟与可溶物（DRC）：高水分玉米（HMC）混合对照日粮（CON）、日粮干物质（DM）的40%为脱油改性酒糟及其可溶物（DODGS）、日粮DM的38%为脱油改性酒糟及其可溶物加2%添加玉米油（DODGS+油）、日粮DM的40%为全脂改性酒糟及其可溶物（FFDGS）。DODGS产品含8.9%的脂肪，FFDGS产品含11.6%的脂肪。处理对干物质采食量（DMI）有影响（P=0.01），饲喂DODGS的公牛DMI最高，饲喂CON、DODGS+油和FFDGS的公牛DMI较低。日粮处理对平均日增重（ADG）有一定影响（P=0.06），饲喂DODGS和DODGS+油的公牛增重高于CON，FFDGS居中。由于ADG增加，处理间的料重比（G:F）不同（P<0.01），饲喂DODGS+油和FFDGS的公牛饲料效率最高。与饲喂DRC:HMC玉米混合物相比，日粮中添加改性酒糟及其可溶物（MDGS）使G:F提高了6%至11%，与DODGS相比，DODGS+油和FFDGS的G:F分别提高了4.9%和1.2%。日粮处理对热胴体重（HCW）有影响（P=0.05），饲喂DODGS和DODGS+油的公牛HCW最重，CON公牛HCW最轻，FFDGS居中。试验2是一个5×4不平衡拉丁方消化试验，有四种日粮、五头安装了瘤胃瘘管的公牛和五个试验期，采用与试验1相同的处理。CON、DODGS、DODGS+油和FFDGS的日粮脂肪含量分别为4.2%、6.0%、7.9%和7.1%。日粮处理对干物质、有机物和能量摄入量以及全消化道脂肪消化率和消化能（兆卡/天）均无影响（P≥0.46）。与DODGS、FFDGS和CON相比，向脱油的MDGS中添加玉米油对有机物消化率（P<0.01）和中性洗涤纤维消化率（P=0.07）有负面影响。当MDGS约占日粮DM的40%时，部分去除改性酒糟及其可溶物中的油对牛的生产性能、胴体性状、能量含量或消化率没有显著影响。
