Bao Chenchang, Yang Yanan, Ye Haihui
School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315832, China.
School of Fisheries, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China.
Animals (Basel). 2024 Aug 20;14(16):2415. doi: 10.3390/ani14162415.
Aquatic animals frequently undergo feed deprivation and starvation stress. It is well-known that the gut microbiota and the gut-brain short neuropeptide F (sNPF) play essential roles in diet restriction. Therefore, investigating the responses of the gut microbiota and sNPF can enhance our understanding of physiological adaptations to feed deprivation and starvation stress. In this study, we examined the alterations in the gut microbiota of juvenile mud crabs under feed deprivation and starvation conditions. The results reveal differences in the richness and diversity of gut microbiota among the satisfied, half food, and starvation groups. Moreover, the microbial composition was affected by starvation stress, and more than 30 bacterial taxa exhibited significantly different abundances among the three feeding conditions. These results indicate that the diversity and composition of the gut microbiota are influenced by diet restriction, potentially involving interactions with the gut-brain sNPF. Subsequently, we detected the location of sNPF in the brains and guts of mud crabs through immunofluorescence and investigated the expression profile of sNPF under different feeding conditions. The results suggest that sNPF is located in both the brains and guts of mud crabs and shows increased expression levels among different degrees of diet restriction during a 96 h period. This study suggested a potential role for sNPF in regulating digestive activities and immunity through interactions with the gut microbiota. In conclusion, these findings significantly contribute to our understanding of the dynamic changes in gut microbiota and sNPF, highlighting their interplay in response to diet restriction.
水生动物经常经历食物剥夺和饥饿应激。众所周知，肠道微生物群和肠-脑短神经肽F（sNPF）在饮食限制中起着至关重要的作用。因此，研究肠道微生物群和sNPF的反应可以增强我们对食物剥夺和饥饿应激生理适应的理解。在本研究中，我们检测了幼体青蟹在食物剥夺和饥饿条件下肠道微生物群的变化。结果显示，饱腹组、半饥饿组和饥饿组之间肠道微生物群的丰富度和多样性存在差异。此外，微生物组成受饥饿应激影响，超过30个细菌类群在三种摄食条件下表现出显著不同的丰度。这些结果表明，肠道微生物群的多样性和组成受饮食限制影响，可能涉及与肠-脑sNPF的相互作用。随后，我们通过免疫荧光检测了青蟹脑和肠道中sNPF的位置，并研究了不同摄食条件下sNPF的表达谱。结果表明，sNPF存在于青蟹的脑和肠道中，并且在96小时内不同程度的饮食限制下表达水平升高。本研究表明sNPF通过与肠道微生物群相互作用在调节消化活动和免疫方面具有潜在作用。总之，这些发现显著有助于我们理解肠道微生物群和sNPF的动态变化，突出了它们在应对饮食限制中的相互作用。
