Tsai Meng-Hsuan, Wu Chi-Ying, Wu Chao-Hsin, Chen Chun-Yu
Department of Emergency Medicine, Tungs' Taichung MetroHarbor Hospital, Taichung 435403, Taiwan.
Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan.
Biomedicines. 2024 Aug 19;12(8):1894. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines12081894.
This review explores the complex challenges and advancements in the treatment of traumatic brain injury (TBI) and spinal cord injury (SCI). Traumatic injuries to the central nervous system (CNS) trigger intricate pathophysiological responses, frequently leading to profound and enduring disabilities. This article delves into the dual phases of injury-primary impacts and the subsequent secondary biochemical cascades-that worsen initial damage. Conventional treatments have traditionally prioritized immediate stabilization, surgical interventions, and supportive medical care to manage both the primary and secondary damage associated with central nervous system injuries. We explore current surgical and medical management strategies, emphasizing the crucial role of rehabilitation and the promising potential of stem cell therapies and immune modulation. Advances in stem cell therapy, gene editing, and neuroprosthetics are revolutionizing treatment approaches, providing opportunities not just for recovery but also for the regeneration of impaired neural tissues. This review aims to emphasize emerging therapeutic strategies that hold promise for enhancing outcomes and improving the quality of life for affected individuals worldwide.
本综述探讨了创伤性脑损伤（TBI）和脊髓损伤（SCI）治疗中复杂的挑战与进展。中枢神经系统（CNS）的创伤性损伤会引发复杂的病理生理反应，常常导致严重且持久的残疾。本文深入探讨了损伤的两个阶段——原发性损伤及其后的继发性生化级联反应，这些会使初始损伤恶化。传统治疗方法通常优先考虑立即稳定病情、手术干预以及支持性医疗护理，以处理与中枢神经系统损伤相关的原发性和继发性损伤。我们探讨了当前的手术和医疗管理策略，强调了康复的关键作用以及干细胞疗法和免疫调节的潜在前景。干细胞治疗、基因编辑和神经假体的进展正在彻底改变治疗方法，不仅为恢复提供了机会，也为受损神经组织的再生带来了希望。本综述旨在强调那些有望改善全球受影响个体的治疗效果和生活质量的新兴治疗策略。
