Vasilenko I Y, Bugryshev P F, Semenov A I, Istomina A G, Novoseltseva V I
J Hyg Epidemiol Microbiol Immunol. 1979;23(1):1-10.
Radiocarbon (14C) introduced into the biosphere as a result of nuclear explosions and operation of nuclear power stations has upset the equilibrium existing in nature. The increase in 14C concentration in the biosphere is a problem of considerable hygienic and social importance, since 14C affects all living organism in the world. This paper presents data on 14C migration and metabolism kinetics. Radiocarbon metabolism kinetics depends on the form of the chemical compound metabolized. Inorganic 14C compounds are metabolized relatively fast. Organic 14C compounds (carbohydrates, fats and proteins) are retained longer in the body. Differences in the metabolism kinetics of differents 14C compounds lead to the formation of unequal irradiation doses in various organs and tissues. In establishing standards for admissible 14C intake, one should take into consideration the kind of chemical compound in which the element is incorporated.
由于核爆炸和核电站运行而进入生物圈的放射性碳（14C）打破了自然界原有的平衡。生物圈中14C浓度的增加是一个具有相当大卫生和社会重要性的问题，因为14C会影响世界上所有的生物体。本文介绍了有关14C迁移和代谢动力学的数据。放射性碳的代谢动力学取决于被代谢化合物的形式。无机14C化合物代谢相对较快。有机14C化合物（碳水化合物、脂肪和蛋白质）在体内保留的时间更长。不同14C化合物代谢动力学的差异导致不同器官和组织中形成不等的辐射剂量。在制定可接受的14C摄入量标准时，应考虑该元素所结合的化合物种类。
