Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
Unit of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
Int J Mol Sci. 2024 Aug 8;25(16):8633. doi: 10.3390/ijms25168633.
While COVID-19's urgency has diminished since its emergence in late 2019, it remains a significant public health challenge. Recent research reveals that the molecular intricacies of this virus are far more complex than initially understood, with numerous post-translational modifications leading to diverse proteoforms and viral particle heterogeneity. Mass spectrometry-based proteomics of patient serum/plasma emerges as a promising complementary approach to traditional diagnostic methods, offering insights into SARS-CoV-2 protein dynamics and enhancing understanding of the disease and its long-term consequences. This article highlights key findings from three years of pandemic-era proteomics research. It delves into biomarker discovery, diagnostic advancements, and drug development efforts aimed at monitoring COVID-19 onset and progression and exploring treatment options. Additionally, it examines global protein abundance and post-translational modification profiling to elucidate signaling pathway alterations and protein-protein interactions during infection. Finally, it explores the potential of emerging multi-omics analytic strategies in combatting SARS-CoV-2.
虽然 COVID-19 的紧迫性自 2019 年底出现以来已经降低，但它仍然是一个重大的公共卫生挑战。最近的研究表明，这种病毒的分子复杂性远比最初理解的要复杂得多，许多翻译后修饰导致了不同的蛋白异构体和病毒粒子异质性。基于质谱的患者血清/血浆蛋白质组学作为一种有前途的补充传统诊断方法的方法出现，提供了对 SARS-CoV-2 蛋白动力学的深入了解，并增强了对该疾病及其长期后果的理解。本文重点介绍了大流行时代蛋白质组学研究三年的主要发现。它深入探讨了生物标志物的发现、诊断的进展以及药物开发工作，旨在监测 COVID-19 的发病和进展，并探索治疗方案。此外，它还研究了全球蛋白质丰度和翻译后修饰谱，以阐明感染过程中的信号通路改变和蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用。最后，它探讨了新兴的多组学分析策略在对抗 SARS-CoV-2 中的潜在应用。
