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破解预测性思维

Hacking the Predictive Mind.

作者信息

Clark Andy

机构信息

Department of Philosophy, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9RH, UK.

Department of Informatics, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9RH, UK.

出版信息

Entropy (Basel). 2024 Aug 10;26(8):677. doi: 10.3390/e26080677.

Abstract

According to active inference, constantly running prediction engines in our brain play a large role in delivering all human experience. These predictions help deliver everything we see, hear, touch, and feel. In this paper, I pursue one apparent consequence of this increasingly well-supported view. Given the constant influence of hidden predictions on human experience, can we leverage the power of prediction in the service of human flourishing? Can we learn to hack our own predictive regimes in ways that better serve our needs and purposes? Asking this question rapidly reveals a landscape that is at once familiar and new. It is also challenging, suggesting important questions about scope and dangers while casting further doubt (as if any was needed) on old assumptions about a firm mind/body divide. I review a range of possible hacks, starting with the careful use of placebos, moving on to look at chronic pain and functional disorders, and ending with some speculations concerning the complex role of genetic influences on the predictive brain.

摘要

根据主动推理理论,我们大脑中持续运行的预测引擎在塑造所有人类体验方面发挥着重要作用。这些预测有助于呈现我们所看到、听到、触摸到和感觉到的一切。在本文中,我探讨了这一日益得到有力支持的观点的一个明显后果。鉴于隐藏的预测对人类体验的持续影响,我们能否利用预测的力量来促进人类的幸福?我们能否学会以更好地满足我们需求和目的的方式来破解我们自己的预测机制?提出这个问题很快就会揭示出一个既熟悉又新颖的局面。这也具有挑战性,它提出了关于范围和风险的重要问题,同时进一步质疑(似乎还需要质疑)关于心智/身体明确划分的旧有假设。我回顾了一系列可能的破解方法,首先是谨慎使用安慰剂,接着探讨慢性疼痛和功能障碍,最后对基因影响在预测性大脑中的复杂作用进行一些推测。

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本文引用的文献

1
Expectancies and avoidance: Towards an integrated model of chronic somatic symptoms.期望与回避:迈向慢性躯体症状的综合模型。
Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2024 Sep;164:105808. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2024.105808. Epub 2024 Jul 8.
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Does Active Inference Provide a Comprehensive Theory of Placebo Analgesia?主动推断能否为安慰剂镇痛提供全面的理论解释?
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Editorial: Enactivism and active inference in the therapeutic alliance.社论:治疗联盟中的具身认知论与主动推理
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