Wang Qian, Zhang Shu, Chen Xiang, Ni Jianjun, Du Jialu, Li Yongfei, Xin Xin, Zhao Bin, Chen Gang
Shaanxi University Engineering Research Center of Oil and Gas Field Chemistry, Xi'an Shiyou University, Xi'an 710065, China.
Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Reservoir Protection Technology of Oilfields, Xi'an Shiyou University, Xi'an 710065, China.
Molecules. 2024 Aug 8;29(16):3761. doi: 10.3390/molecules29163761.
Oil serves as the essential fuel and economic foundation of contemporary industry. However, the use of traditional light crude oil has exceeded its supply, making it challenging to meet the energy needs of humanity. Consequently, the extraction of heavy oil has become crucial in addressing this demand. This research focuses on the synthesis of several water-soluble catalysts that can work along with reservoir minerals to catalyze the hydrothermal cracking process of heavy oil. The goal is to effectively reduce the viscosity of heavy oil and lower the cost of its extraction. Based on the experimental findings, it was observed that when oil sample 1 underwent hydrothermal cracking at a temperature of 180 °C for a duration of 4 h, the amount of water added and catalyst used were 30% and 0.2% of the oil sample dosage, respectively. It was further discovered that the synthesized Mn(II)C was able to reduce the viscosity of oil sample 1 by 50.38%. The investigation revealed that the combination of Mn(II)C + K exhibited a significant synergistic catalytic impact on reducing viscosity. Initially, the viscosity reduction rate was 50.38%, which climbed to 61.02%. Subsequently, when catalyzed by the hydrogen supply agent isopropanol, the rate of viscosity reduction rose further to 91.22%. Several methods, such as freezing point analysis, thermogravimetric analysis, DSC analysis, component analysis, gas chromatography, wax crystal morphology analysis, and GC-MS analysis, were conducted on aqueous organic matter derived from heavy oil after undergoing different reaction systems. These analyses confirmed that the viscosity of the heavy oil was decreased. By studying the reaction mechanism of the model compound and analyzing the aqueous phase, the reaction largely involves depolymerization between macromolecules, breakdown of heteroatom chains, hydrogenation, ring opening, and other related consequences. These actions diminish the strength of the van der Waals force and hydrogen bond in the recombinant interval, impede the creation of a grid-like structure in heavy oil, and efficiently decrease its viscosity.
石油是当代工业的重要燃料和经济基础。然而，传统轻质原油的使用已超过其供应，难以满足人类的能源需求。因此，重油的开采对于满足这一需求至关重要。本研究聚焦于合成几种水溶性催化剂，这些催化剂可与储层矿物协同作用，催化重油的水热裂解过程。目标是有效降低重油粘度并降低其开采成本。基于实验结果，观察到当油样1在180℃温度下进行4小时水热裂解时，添加的水量和使用的催化剂量分别为油样用量的30%和0.2%。进一步发现，合成的Mn(II)C能够使油样1的粘度降低50.38%。研究表明，Mn(II)C + K的组合在降低粘度方面表现出显著的协同催化作用。最初，粘度降低率为50.38%，之后升至61.02%。随后，在供氢剂异丙醇催化下，粘度降低率进一步升至91.22%。对经过不同反应体系的重油衍生水相有机物进行了多种分析方法，如冰点分析、热重分析、DSC分析、成分分析、气相色谱、蜡晶形态分析和GC-MS分析。这些分析证实了重油的粘度降低。通过研究模型化合物的反应机理并分析水相，反应主要涉及大分子间的解聚、杂原子链的断裂、氢化、开环及其他相关结果。这些作用减弱了重组区间内范德华力和氢键的强度，阻碍了重油中网格状结构的形成，并有效降低了其粘度。
