Sabitov Aitugan, Atamanov Meiram, Doszhanov Ospan, Saurykova Karina, Tazhu Kairat, Kerimkulova Almagul, Orazbayev Adilkhan, Doszhanov Yerlan
Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, Combustion Problems Institute, Bogenbay Batyr Str., 172, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan.
Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Al-Farabi Ave., 71, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan.
Molecules. 2024 Aug 10;29(16):3786. doi: 10.3390/molecules29163786.
This study explores the sorption capacity and field application of activated carbons (ACs) derived from plant residues for the remediation of oil-contaminated soils. ACs were prepared from rice husks, reed stalks, pine sawdust and wheat straw using two-stage pyrolysis and chemical activation with potassium hydroxide. The structural and physicochemical properties of these ACs were analyzed using BET surface area measurements, SEM analysis, Raman spectroscopy and FTIR spectroscopy. Sorption experiments at room temperature demonstrated that AC from rice husks (OSL) exhibited the highest sorption capacities for gasoline, kerosene and diesel fuel, with values of 9.3 g/g, 9.0 g/g and 10.1 g/g, respectively. These results are attributed to the well-developed microporous and mesoporous structures of OSL, as confirmed by SEM images and a BET surface area of 2790 m/g. Field tests conducted at the "Zhanatalap" oil deposit showed that the ACs effectively reduced the oil content in contaminated soils from 79.2 g/kg to as low as 2.6 g/kg, achieving a purification degree of up to 67% within 16 days. This study highlights the critical role of structural properties, such as porosity and graphitization degree, in enhancing the sorption efficiency of ACs.
本研究探讨了源自植物残渣的活性炭（ACs）对石油污染土壤的吸附能力及现场应用。采用两段热解和氢氧化钾化学活化法，以稻壳、芦苇秸秆、松木锯末和小麦秸秆为原料制备了活性炭。利用BET比表面积测量、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）分析、拉曼光谱和傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）对这些活性炭的结构和物理化学性质进行了分析。室温下的吸附实验表明，稻壳活性炭（OSL）对汽油、煤油和柴油的吸附能力最高，分别为9.3 g/g、9.0 g/g和10.1 g/g。扫描电子显微镜图像和2790 m/g的BET比表面积证实，这些结果归因于OSL发达的微孔和中孔结构。在“扎纳塔拉普”油矿进行的现场测试表明，活性炭能有效地将污染土壤中的含油量从79.2 g/kg降至低至2.6 g/kg，在16天内达到高达67%的净化程度。本研究强调了孔隙率和石墨化程度等结构性质在提高活性炭吸附效率方面的关键作用。
