Department of Forest Science, Federal University of Paraná, Av. Prof. Lothário Meissner, 632, Curitiba, PR, CEP, 80210-170, Brazil.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2022 Jun;29(29):43501-43515. doi: 10.1007/s11356-022-19939-9. Epub 2022 Apr 7.
Oil spills generate several environmental impacts and have become more common with the increase in petroleum extraction, refining, transportation, and trade. In soil, oil contamination increases water and nutrient availability and compaction, directly affecting plant growth and development. Different aspects of phytotoxicity can be observed and will vary according to the characteristics of soil and plants. Oil-contaminated soil also results in negative effects on biomass and changes in leaves and roots. Investigating the effects of oil contamination on plant growth and development can aid in the conservation of plant species and in the development of techniques such as bioremediation and biomonitoring. Thus, this review aims to discuss the main effects of oil contamination on plants, such as environmental stress and morphological, physiological, and anatomical changes, and the strategies developed by plants to survive contamination, as well as to identify plants with phytoremediation potential that can assist in removing oil from the environment.
石油泄漏会产生多种环境影响，随着石油开采、精炼、运输和贸易的增加，这种情况变得更加普遍。在土壤中，石油污染会增加水和养分的可利用性和紧实度，直接影响植物的生长和发育。可以观察到不同方面的植物毒性，并且根据土壤和植物的特性而有所不同。受石油污染的土壤也会对生物量产生负面影响，并导致叶片和根系发生变化。研究石油污染对植物生长和发育的影响有助于保护植物物种，并开发生物修复和生物监测等技术。因此，本综述旨在讨论石油污染对植物的主要影响，如环境胁迫和形态、生理和解剖结构的变化，以及植物为应对污染而产生的生存策略，并确定具有潜在植物修复能力的植物，以帮助从环境中去除石油。
