Doszhanov Yerlan, Atamanov Meiram, Jandosov Jakpar, Saurykova Karina, Bassygarayev Zhandos, Orazbayev Adilkhan, Turganbay Seitzhan, Sabitov Aitugan
Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, Institute of Combustion Problems, Almaty 050012, Kazakhstan.
The Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan.
Scientifica (Cairo). 2024 Oct 21;2024:6601899. doi: 10.1155/2024/6601899. eCollection 2024.
This study investigates the potential of biochar derived from various biomass sources: apricot kernel (AK), pine sawdust (PS), rice husk (RH), wheat straw (WS), and reed stem (RS) to enhance the yield, nutritional quality, and environmental sustainability of parsley crops. Comprehensive characterization through SEM, EDAX, nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms, and FTIR analyses identified AK biochar as the most suitable for further enrichment due to its superior specific surface area (512.3 m/g) and iodine number (51.23 mg/g). EDAX analysis revealed that AK biochar exhibited the highest carbon content (92.1%), while RH biochar contained the highest silicon content (46%), indicating different potential applications. FTIR analysis identified key functional groups, such as carbonyl (1740 cm⁻) and hydroxyl (3430 cm⁻) groups, which contribute to the biochar's reactivity and potential effectiveness in various applications. The effects of selenium (NaSeO), iodine (KI), their combination (NaSeO + KI), and BISF (biochar-enriched iodine and selenium fertilizer) on parsley growth, antioxidant properties, and nutrient accumulation were evaluated. The results demonstrated that joint applications of iodide and selenate led to a 3.1-fold increase in iodine content (up to 16.8 mg/kg d.w.) and a 1.2-fold increase in selenium accumulation (up to 2482.1 g/kg d.w.) in parsley compared to separate treatments. Additionally, BISF treatment significantly improved key biometric parameters, with leaf weight increasing by 1.6 times (up to 326.5 g) compared to the control, and antioxidant content-ascorbic acid, polyphenols, and antioxidant activity-showing increases of 1.56, 1.27, and 1.50 times, respectively. This study underscores the effectiveness of selenium- and iodine-enriched biochar in enhancing parsley crop yield and nutritional quality while also demonstrating the multifunctional role of biochar in environmental remediation.
杏仁核（AK）、松木锯末（PS）、稻壳（RH）、小麦秸秆（WS）和芦苇茎（RS），以提高欧芹作物的产量、营养品质和环境可持续性。通过扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、能量色散X射线光谱仪（EDAX）、氮吸附-解吸等温线和傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）分析进行的全面表征确定，AK生物炭因其优异的比表面积（512.3 m/g）和碘值（51.23 mg/g）而最适合进一步富集。EDAX分析表明，AK生物炭的碳含量最高（92.1%），而RH生物炭的硅含量最高（46%），这表明它们具有不同的潜在应用。FTIR分析确定了关键官能团，如羰基（1740 cm⁻）和羟基（3430 cm⁻）基团，这些官能团有助于生物炭在各种应用中的反应性和潜在有效性。评估了硒（亚硒酸钠）、碘（碘化钾）、它们的组合（亚硒酸钠 + 碘化钾）以及BISF（生物炭富集碘和硒肥料）对欧芹生长、抗氧化特性和养分积累的影响。结果表明，与单独处理相比，碘化物和硒酸盐的联合应用使欧芹中的碘含量增加了3.1倍（高达16.8 mg/kg干重），硒积累量增加了1.2倍（高达2482.1 μg/kg干重）。此外，BISF处理显著改善了关键生物特征参数，与对照相比，叶片重量增加了1.6倍（高达326.5 g），抗氧化剂含量——抗坏血酸、多酚和抗氧化活性——分别增加了1.56倍、1.27倍和1.50倍。本研究强调了富含硒和碘的生物炭在提高欧芹作物产量和营养品质方面的有效性，同时也证明了生物炭在环境修复中的多功能作用。
