Optimization of Hybrid Fiber-Reinforced Concrete for Controlling Defects in Canal Lining.

Losses in irrigation canals occur during the process of water transportation. In irrigation conveyance water losses, seepage loss is the main contributor to total water loss. The most problematic factors are cracks and settlement of the lined canal in canal lining structures. Water loss occurs in earth channels, mainly due to erosion and the permeability of the material. The concrete, as it does not present cracks, will have a less impermeable layer. Usually, seepage loss comprises 20-30% of the total water loss, and it can be reduced to 15-20% with canal linings. By enhancing the flexure and split tensile strength of concrete, the rate of cracking in the canal lining can be controlled. Concrete's split tensile strength is one of the most important factors in crack control. The behavior (compressive, flexural, and split tensile properties, water absorption, linear shrinkage mass loss, etc.) of hybrid polypropylene and jute fiber-reinforced concrete (HPJF-RC) for the application of canal linings was studied. In this experimental work, a total of nine mixes were made with different lengths and contents of hybrid polypropylene and jute fiber-reinforced concrete (HPJF-RC) and a control mix. The SEM analysis was performed to explore the hybrid fiber cracking mechanism and the bonding of fibers with the concrete. The crack arresting mechanism of the HPJF-RC will help to reduce water losses in concrete canal linings. With this modern material, the water losses in canal linings can be minimized. The results of this experimental work would be helpful as a reference for both industry experts and academic researchers interested in the advancement of HPJF-RC composites.