Zhang Weiwei, Xue Wenyan, Liu Jinliang, Zhu Hailan, Zhao Zhong
College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
College of Soil and Water Conservation Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
Microorganisms. 2024 Aug 20;12(8):1718. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms12081718.
(1) Background: Plant diversity has long been assumed to predict soil microbial diversity. The mutualistic symbiosis between forest trees and ectomycorrhizal (EM) fungi favors strong correlations of EM fungal diversity with host density in terrestrial ecosystems. Nevertheless, in contrast with host tree effects, neighboring plant effects are less well studied. (2) Methods: In the study presented herein, we examined the α-diversity, community composition, and co-occurrence patterns of EM fungi in across different forest types (pure forests, mixed forests with , and mixed forests with other broadleaved species) to ascertain how the EM fungi of focal trees are related to their neighboring plants and to identify the underlying mechanisms that contribute to this relationship. (3) Results: The EM fungal community exhibited an overall modest but positive correlation with neighboring plant richness, with the associations being more pronounced in mixed forests. This neighboring effect was mediated by altered abiotic (i.e., SOC, TN, LC, and LP) and biotic (i.e., bacterial community) factors in rhizosphere soil. Further analysis revealed that , , and exhibited the most significant correlations with plant and EM fungal diversity. These keystone taxa featured low relative abundance and clear habitat preferences and shared similar physiological traits that promote nutrient uptake through contact, short-distance and medium-distance smooth contact-based exploration types, thereby enhancing the potential correlations between EM fungi and the neighboring plant community. (4) Conclusions: Our findings contribute to the comprehension of the effect of neighboring plants on the EM fungal community of focal trees of different forest communities and the biodiversity sensitivity to environmental change.
(1) 背景：长期以来，人们一直认为植物多样性可以预测土壤微生物多样性。森林树木与外生菌根（EM）真菌之间的互利共生关系有利于陆地生态系统中EM真菌多样性与宿主密度之间形成强相关性。然而，与宿主树的影响相比，邻近植物的影响研究较少。(2) 方法：在本文介绍的研究中，我们调查了不同森林类型（纯林、与[具体树种]混交的混交林以及与其他阔叶树种混交的混交林）中EM真菌的α多样性、群落组成和共现模式，以确定目标树木的EM真菌如何与其邻近植物相关联，并确定促成这种关系的潜在机制。(3) 结果：EM真菌群落与邻近植物丰富度总体呈现适度但为正的相关性，这种关联在混交林中更为明显。这种邻近效应是由根际土壤中改变的非生物（即土壤有机碳、全氮、土壤碳含量和土壤磷含量）和生物（即细菌群落）因素介导的。进一步分析表明，[具体物种1]、[具体物种2]和[具体物种3]与植物和EM真菌多样性表现出最显著的相关性。这些关键类群相对丰度较低，具有明确的栖息地偏好，并且具有相似的生理特征，通过接触、基于短距离和中距离平滑接触的探索类型促进养分吸收，从而增强了EM真菌与邻近植物群落之间的潜在相关性。(4) 结论：我们的研究结果有助于理解邻近植物对不同森林群落中目标树木的EM真菌群落的影响以及生物多样性对环境变化的敏感性。
