Medical Department III, Division of Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
Helmholtz-Institute for Metabolic, Obesity and Vascular Research (HI-MAG), Helmholtz Center Munich at the University of Leipzig and the University Hospital Leipzig AöR, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
Nutrients. 2024 Aug 12;16(16):2661. doi: 10.3390/nu16162661.
Sweet and salty tastes are highly palatable and drive food consumption and potentially uncontrolled eating, but it remains unresolved whether the ability to recognize sweet and salty affects food reward and uncontrolled eating. We investigate the association of sweet and salty taste recognition with liking and wanting and uncontrolled eating. Thirty-eight, mainly female (68%) participants of the Obese Taste Bud study, between 22 and 67 years old, with a median BMI of 25.74 kg/m (interquartile range: 9.78 kg/m) completed a taste test, the Leeds Food Preference Questionnaire to assess food reward, the Power of Food Scale (PFS) and the Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire to assess different aspects of uncontrolled eating. Better salty taste recognition predicted greater implicit wanting for high-fat savory foods (β = 0.428, = 0.008) and higher PFS total (β = 0.315; = 0.004) and PFS present subscale scores (β = 0.494, = 0.002). While neither sweet nor salty taste recognition differed between lean individuals and individuals with obesity, those with greater trait uncontrolled eating showed significantly better salty taste recognition (U = 249.0; = 0.009). Sweet taste recognition did not associate with food reward or uncontrolled eating. Better salty but not sweet taste recognition associates with a greater motivation for, but not liking of, particularly savory high-fat foods and further relates to greater loss of control over eating. Salty taste perception, with taste recognition in particular, may comprise a target to modulate food reward and uncontrolled eating.
甜味和咸味非常可口，会促进食物消费和潜在的无法控制的进食，但目前仍不清楚识别甜味和咸味的能力是否会影响食物奖赏和无法控制的进食。我们研究了甜味和咸味识别能力与喜好、渴望和无法控制的进食之间的关系。38 名主要为女性（68%）的肥胖味觉研究参与者，年龄在 22 岁至 67 岁之间，平均 BMI 为 25.74kg/m（四分位距：9.78kg/m），完成了味觉测试、利兹食物偏好问卷以评估食物奖赏、食物力量量表（PFS）和三因素饮食问卷以评估不同方面的无法控制的进食。更好的咸味识别能力预测了对高脂肪美味食物的更大隐性渴望（β=0.428， =0.008）和更高的 PFS 总分（β=0.315； =0.004）和 PFS 现在子量表得分（β=0.494， =0.002）。虽然瘦人与肥胖者之间的甜味和咸味识别能力没有差异，但具有更大特质性无法控制进食的个体表现出明显更好的咸味识别能力（U=249.0； =0.009）。甜味识别与食物奖赏或无法控制的进食无关。更好的咸味但不是甜味识别与对特定的、美味的高脂肪食物的更大动机相关，但不是喜欢，并且与对进食的控制能力丧失进一步相关。咸味感知，特别是味觉识别，可能成为调节食物奖赏和无法控制进食的目标。
