German University of Applied Sciences for Prevention and Health Management, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany.
Department of Dermatology, The Saarland University Hospital, 66421 Homburg, Germany.
Nutrients. 2024 Aug 15;16(16):2720. doi: 10.3390/nu16162720.
Cancer is a growing public health problem and cancer is linked to vitamin D via several mechanisms. Recent umbrella reviews on the extra-skeletal effects of vitamin D did not turn their attention to cancer. Accordingly, an overview of the current state of research is needed.
An umbrella review was conducted to provide an overview of systematic reviews on the association between vitamin D and incidence or mortality of breast cancer, colorectal cancer, lung cancer, pancreatic cancer, and prostate cancer.
Inverse correlations were found between the vitamin D level (measured by circulating 25(OH)D) and mortality for all five types of cancer. For breast cancer, colorectal cancer, lung cancer, and pancreatic cancer, there are also hints of a lower incidence due to higher 25(OH)D levels.
As most reviews include observational studies, conclusions on causality cannot be made. Methodological differences between the included reviews and different study designs in the individual studies lead to methodological problems. Despite these problems, the review shows inverse correlations between 25(OH)D levels and mortality, and mostly inverse correlations between 25(OH)D levels and incidence.
癌症是一个日益严重的公共卫生问题，癌症与维生素 D 之间存在多种关联机制。最近关于维生素 D 非骨骼作用的伞式综述并未关注癌症。因此，需要对当前的研究状况进行概述。
进行了一项伞式综述，以概述关于维生素 D 与乳腺癌、结直肠癌、肺癌、胰腺癌和前列腺癌发病率或死亡率之间关联的系统评价。
五种癌症的维生素 D 水平（通过循环 25(OH)D 测量）与死亡率呈负相关。对于乳腺癌、结直肠癌、肺癌和胰腺癌，较高的 25(OH)D 水平也提示发病率较低。
由于大多数综述包括观察性研究，因此不能得出因果关系的结论。纳入的综述之间存在方法学差异，以及个别研究中的不同研究设计导致了方法学问题。尽管存在这些问题，但该综述表明 25(OH)D 水平与死亡率之间呈负相关，并且 25(OH)D 水平与发病率之间大多呈负相关。
