Alves Robson Raion de Vasconcelos, de Oliveira Alisson Macário, Dos Prazeres Gabryella Borges, da Silva Abdênego Rodrigues, Costa Franciele Florencio, Barros Bárbara Rafaela da Silva, Souza Talita Giselly Dos Santos, Coelho Luana Cassandra Breintenbach Barroso, de Melo Cristiane Moutinho Lagos, Ferreira Magda Rhayanny Assunção, Soares Luiz Alberto Lira, Chagas Cristiano Aparecido, Macedo Maria Lígia Rodrigues, Napoleão Thiago Henrique, Fernandes Mariana Pinheiro, Paiva Patrícia Maria Guedes
Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife 50670-901, PE, Brazil.
Departamento de Farmácia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife 50670-901, PE, Brazil.
Pharmaceuticals (Basel). 2024 Aug 8;17(8):1045. doi: 10.3390/ph17081045.
Lam. (horseradish tree) leaves demonstrate high nutritional value, are rich in proteins, and are widely used in folk medicine and food. This study investigated the presence of secondary metabolites and antinutritional proteins in leaf extract (LE) and the protein-rich fraction (PRF) derived from leaves, as well as the cytotoxicity to human cells, hemolytic activity, and in vivo acute toxicity and genotoxicity in mice. The flavonoids rutin and vitexin as well as trypsin inhibitors and lectins were detected in LE and PRF. Neither sample demonstrated toxicity against human peripheral blood mononuclear cells and both showed low hemolytic action. In vivo, LE and PRF did not show antinutritional effects and caused no death. The hematological parameters of the animals in the treated group were similar to those of the control. A significant increase in the serum levels of alanine aminotransferase and a discrete leukocyte infiltration with cytoplasmic vacuolization of the hepatocytes in the liver were detected in LE-treated animals. The preparations were not genotoxic or mutagenic. This study shows that LE and PRF are not antinutritional agents and presented low acute toxicity and no genotoxicity or mutagenicity. The present study contributes to the determination of the safety of using leaf proteins.
辣木树叶营养价值高，富含蛋白质，在民间医学和食品中广泛应用。本研究调查了叶提取物（LE）和从树叶中提取的富含蛋白质部分（PRF）中次生代谢产物和抗营养蛋白的存在情况，以及对人细胞的细胞毒性、溶血活性，以及在小鼠体内的急性毒性和遗传毒性。在LE和PRF中检测到了黄酮类化合物芦丁和牡荆素以及胰蛋白酶抑制剂和凝集素。两个样品均未表现出对人外周血单核细胞的毒性，且溶血作用均较低。在体内，LE和PRF未显示抗营养作用，也未导致死亡。治疗组动物的血液学参数与对照组相似。在接受LE治疗的动物中，检测到丙氨酸转氨酶血清水平显著升高，肝脏中出现离散的白细胞浸润和肝细胞胞质空泡化。这些制剂无遗传毒性或致突变性。本研究表明，LE和PRF不是抗营养剂，急性毒性低，无遗传毒性或致突变性。本研究有助于确定使用叶蛋白的安全性。
