Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Cidade Universitária, 50670-420, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.
Departamento de Farmácia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 50740-520, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.
J Ethnopharmacol. 2024 Dec 5;335:118637. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118637. Epub 2024 Aug 6.
Moringa oleifera (Moringaceae family), commonly known as horseradish or tree of life, is traditionally used for various diseases, such as diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, neurological disorders, among others.
To evaluate the toxicological profile of the oral use of an aqueous extract of Moringa oleifera leaves for 13 weeks in mice.
Initially, a factorial design (2) was carried out to optimize aqueous extraction using as variables; the extraction method and proportion of drug. The 13-week repeated-dose toxicity trial used female and male mice, with oral administration of aqueous extract of Moringa oleifera leaves at doses of 250, 500, and 1000 mg/kg. The animals were evaluated for body weight, water and feed intake, biochemical and hematological parameters, urinalysis, ophthalmology and histopathology of the liver, spleen and kidneys.
The extraction efficiency was evidenced by the extraction by maceration at 5%, obtaining the optimized extract of Moringa oleifera (OEMo). The oral administration of OEMo did not promote significant difference (p > 0.05) in the weight gain, food and water consumption of the control animals and those treated with 250 and 500 mg/kg. However, treatment with 1000 mg/kg promoted a reduction (p < 0.05) in food intake and body weight from the 7th week onwards in male and female mice. No alterations were detected in the hematological and histological parameters in the concentrations tested for both sexes. The highest concentration treatment (1000 mg/kg) promoted an increase in transaminases in males and females. All concentrations promoted a significant decrease (p < 0.05) in the serum lipid profile of mice.
This study developed an optimized extract of Moringa oleifera leaves, which should be used with caution in preparations above 500 mg/kg for the long term because it leads to significant changes in liver enzymes. On the other hand, the extract proved to be a promising plant preparation for hyperlipidemia in mice.
辣木（辣木科），俗称辣根或生命之树，传统上用于治疗各种疾病，如糖尿病、高胆固醇血症、神经紊乱等。
评估辣木叶水提物口服 13 周在小鼠体内的毒理学特征。
最初，采用析因设计（2）优化水提工艺，以提取方法和药物比例为变量。13 周重复剂量毒性试验采用雌性和雄性小鼠，经口给予辣木叶水提物，剂量为 250、500 和 1000mg/kg。评价动物体重、水和饲料摄入量、生化和血液学参数、尿液分析、眼科和肝、脾、肾组织病理学。
通过 5%的浸渍提取，证明了提取效率，得到了优化的辣木叶提取物（OEMo）。OEMo 口服给药不会引起对照组和 250、500mg/kg 处理组动物体重增加、食物和水摄入的显著差异（p>0.05）。然而，1000mg/kg 治疗组雄性和雌性小鼠从第 7 周开始，食物摄入和体重减少（p<0.05）。在测试的两种性别浓度下，未检测到血液学和组织学参数的改变。最高浓度（1000mg/kg）治疗组导致雄性和雌性的转氨酶升高。所有浓度均显著降低（p<0.05）小鼠的血清脂质谱。
本研究开发了一种优化的辣木叶提取物，长期使用 500mg/kg 以上的制剂应谨慎，因为它会导致肝酶显著变化。另一方面，该提取物被证明是一种有前途的治疗小鼠高血脂的植物制剂。
