Guo Haochuan, Xu Xinru, Zhang Jiaxi, Du Yajing, Yang Xinbing, He Zhiheng, Zhao Linjie, Liang Tingming, Guo Li
Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, School of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China.
State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China.
Pharmaceuticals (Basel). 2024 Aug 9;17(8):1048. doi: 10.3390/ph17081048.
The establishment and utilization of preclinical animal models constitute a pivotal aspect across all facets of cancer research, indispensably contributing to the comprehension of disease initiation and progression mechanisms, as well as facilitating the development of innovative anti-cancer therapeutic approaches. These models have emerged as crucial bridges between basic and clinical research, offering multifaceted support to clinical investigations. This study initially focuses on the importance and benefits of establishing preclinical animal models, discussing the different types of preclinical animal models and recent advancements in cancer research. It then delves into cancer treatment, studying the characteristics of different stages of tumor development and the development of anti-cancer drugs. By integrating tumor hallmarks and preclinical research, we elaborate on the path of anti-cancer drug development and provide guidance on personalized cancer therapy strategies, including synthetic lethality approaches and novel drugs widely adopted in the field. Ultimately, we summarize a strategic framework for selecting preclinical safety experiments, tailored to experimental modalities and preclinical animal species, and present an outlook on the prospects and challenges associated with preclinical animal models. These models undoubtedly offer new avenues for cancer research, encompassing drug development and personalized anti-cancer protocols. Nevertheless, the road ahead continues to be lengthy and fraught with obstacles. Hence, we encourage researchers to persist in harnessing advanced technologies to refine preclinical animal models, thereby empowering these emerging paradigms to positively impact cancer patient outcomes.
临床前动物模型的建立和应用是癌症研究各个方面的关键环节，对于理解疾病的发生和发展机制不可或缺，同时也有助于开发创新的抗癌治疗方法。这些模型已成为基础研究和临床研究之间的重要桥梁，为临床研究提供多方面支持。本研究首先聚焦于建立临床前动物模型的重要性和益处，讨论不同类型的临床前动物模型以及癌症研究的最新进展。接着深入探讨癌症治疗，研究肿瘤发展不同阶段的特征以及抗癌药物的研发。通过整合肿瘤特征和临床前研究，阐述抗癌药物的研发路径，并为个性化癌症治疗策略提供指导，包括合成致死方法和该领域广泛采用的新型药物。最后，总结了一个根据实验方式和临床前动物物种量身定制的临床前安全性实验选择战略框架，并展望了临床前动物模型的前景和挑战。这些模型无疑为癌症研究开辟了新途径，涵盖药物开发和个性化抗癌方案。然而，未来的道路依然漫长且充满障碍。因此，我们鼓励研究人员继续利用先进技术完善临床前动物模型，从而使这些新兴模式能够对癌症患者的治疗结果产生积极影响。
