Botero-Ramirez Andrea, Kirk Brennon, Strelkov Stephen E
Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Arts and Science, MacEwan University, Edmonton, AB T5J 4S2, Canada.
Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5, Canada.
Pathogens. 2024 Jul 31;13(8):640. doi: 10.3390/pathogens13080640.
The sustainable cultivation of canola is under threat from clubroot disease (). The pathogen's resting spores can survive in the soil for extended periods, complicating disease management. Therefore, effective clubroot control requires a combination of tactics that provide multiple layers of protection. Management strategies have focused on pathogen avoidance and reducing disease levels in infested fields. The sanitation of machinery and field equipment remains the most effective method for preventing the pathogen's introduction into non-infested fields. For disease reduction, crop rotation, liming, chemical control, and host resistance are commonly employed, with the use of clubroot-resistant cultivars being the most effective to date. However, resistance breakdown has been observed within four years of the introduction of new cultivars, jeopardizing the long-term effectiveness of this approach. A promising yet underexplored strategy is the use of cultivar mixtures. This approach leverages mechanisms such as the dilution effect, the barrier effect, induced resistance, disruptive selection, and the compensatory effect to control the disease. Cultivar mixtures have the potential to reduce the impact of clubroot on canola production while preserving pathogen population structure, thereby minimizing the likelihood of resistance breakdown. Given its potential, further research into cultivar mixtures as a management strategy for clubroot disease is warranted.
双低油菜的可持续种植正受到根肿病的威胁。病原菌的休眠孢子能在土壤中长期存活，这使得病害管理变得复杂。因此，有效的根肿病防治需要多种策略相结合，提供多层保护。管理策略主要集中在避免病原菌侵染以及降低受侵染田块的病害水平。机械和田间设备的清洁消毒仍然是防止病原菌传入未受侵染田块的最有效方法。为了降低病害，通常采用轮作、施石灰、化学防治和寄主抗性等方法，其中使用抗根肿病品种是迄今为止最有效的方法。然而，在引入新品种后的四年内就观察到了抗性丧失，这危及了该方法的长期有效性。一种有前景但尚未充分探索的策略是使用品种混合种植。这种方法利用了稀释效应、屏障效应、诱导抗性、干扰选择和补偿效应等机制来控制病害。品种混合种植有可能在保持病原菌种群结构的同时，降低根肿病对双低油菜生产的影响，从而将抗性丧失的可能性降至最低。鉴于其潜力，有必要进一步研究将品种混合种植作为根肿病的一种管理策略。
