Klein Anne Marie, Qosim Nanang, Williams Gareth, Edirisinghe Mohan, Matharu Rupy Kaur
Department of Mechanical Engineering, University College London, Torrington Place, London WC1E 7JE, UK.
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Politeknik Negeri Malang, Jl. Soekarno Hatta No. 9, Malang 65141, Jawa Timur, Indonesia.
Pharmaceutics. 2024 Aug 14;16(8):1066. doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16081066.
Fibres in the micro- and nanometre scale are suited to a broad range of applications, including drug delivery and tissue engineering. Electrospinning is the manufacturing method of choice, but it has some limitations. Novel pressure-driven fibre-forming techniques, like pressurised gyration (PG), overcome these limitations; however, the compatibility of PG with biological materials has not yet been evaluated in detail. For the first time, this limitation of PG was investigated by optimising PG for microbial cell processing and incorporating bacterial cultures into fibrous polymeric scaffolds for sustained release. Multiple polymer-solvent systems were trialled, including polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)/phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) 25% /, polyethylene oxide (PEO)/PBS 20% /, and PVP/ethanol 20% /. Rheological studies revealed the surface tension of the PVP/PBS, PEO/PBS, and PVP/ethanol polymer-solvent systems to be 73.2, 73.9, and 22.6 mN/m, respectively. Scanning electron microscopy showed the median fibre diameters to be between 9.8 μm and 26.1 μm, with PVP producing larger fibres. Overnight cultures were then incorporated into the chosen polymeric solutions and processed into fibres using PG. The produced cell-loaded fibres were incubated in LB broth to assess the cell viability of the encapsulated cells. Colony counts post-incubation showed the PVP/PBS 25% fibres resulted in 60% bacterial growth, and PEO/PBS 20% fibres led to 47% bacterial growth, whereas PVP/ethanol 20% fibres did not lead to any bacterial growth. Based on the results gathered during this study, it can be concluded that PG offers a promising way of encapsulating cells and other sensitive biological products while having many notable advantages compared to electrospinning. This research demonstrates proof of concept research-based evidence and showcases the potential of pressurised gyration as a key disruptive innovation in probiotic delivery system design and manufacturing.
微米和纳米级的纤维适用于广泛的应用，包括药物递送和组织工程。静电纺丝是首选的制造方法，但它有一些局限性。新型压力驱动的纤维形成技术，如加压旋转（PG），克服了这些局限性；然而，PG与生物材料的兼容性尚未得到详细评估。首次通过优化PG用于微生物细胞处理并将细菌培养物纳入纤维聚合物支架以实现持续释放来研究PG的这一局限性。试验了多种聚合物 - 溶剂体系，包括25%的聚乙烯吡咯烷酮（PVP）/磷酸盐缓冲盐水（PBS）、20%的聚环氧乙烷（PEO）/PBS和20%的PVP/乙醇。流变学研究表明，PVP/PBS、PEO/PBS和PVP/乙醇聚合物 - 溶剂体系的表面张力分别为73.2、73.9和22.6 mN/m。扫描电子显微镜显示，中值纤维直径在9.8μm至26.1μm之间，PVP产生的纤维更大。然后将过夜培养物纳入所选的聚合物溶液中，并使用PG加工成纤维。将产生的载细胞纤维在LB肉汤中孵育以评估包封细胞的细胞活力。孵育后的菌落计数显示，25%的PVP/PBS纤维导致60%的细菌生长，20%的PEO/PBS纤维导致47%的细菌生长，而20%的PVP/乙醇纤维未导致任何细菌生长。基于本研究期间收集的结果，可以得出结论，与静电纺丝相比，PG提供了一种有前景的包封细胞和其他敏感生物产品的方法，同时具有许多显著优势。本研究证明了基于概念验证研究的证据，并展示了加压旋转作为益生菌递送系统设计和制造中的关键颠覆性创新的潜力。
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