Jin Wenyu, Li Lin, Ma Guohui, Wei Zhongwei
State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, Changsha 410125, China.
National Center of Technology Innovation for Saline-Alkali Tolerant Rice, Sanya 572024, China.
Plants (Basel). 2024 Aug 21;13(16):2325. doi: 10.3390/plants13162325.
Soil salinity represents a significant factor affecting agricultural productivity and crop quality. The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of soil conditioner (SC) comprising halotolerant microorganisms on the soil fertility, yield, rice quality, and the physicochemical and structural properties of starch in hybrid rice under saline conditions. The experimental treatments were composed of two high-quality hybrid rice varieties, i.e., 'Y Liangyou 957' (YLY957) and Jing Liangyou 534 (JLY534), and two soil amendment treatments, i.e., the application of SC at control levels and 2250 kg hm, or 'CK and SC', respectively. The crop was subjected to a mixture of fresh and sea water (EC 11 dS/m). The results demonstrated that the application of SC significantly enhanced the rice yield under salt stress conditions owing to an increase in the number of grains per panicle. Furthermore, SC was found to be effective in improving the organic matter and soil nutrient content. Furthermore, the application of SC resulted in an improvement in antioxidant defense, higher leaf SPAD values, and greater crop biomass, as well as the translocation of photo-assimilates at the heading stage. The application of SC not only improved the milling and appearance quality but also enhanced the taste value of rice by increasing the amylose and reducing the protein content. Furthermore, the application of SC also decreased the indentations on the surfaces of starch granules and cracks on the edges of the granules. The rice varieties subjected to SC exhibited excellent pasting properties, characterized by reduced proportions of amylopectin short chains and a lower gelatinization temperature and enthalpy of gelatinization. Overall, these findings serve to reinforce the efficacy of soil conditioner as a valuable tool to improve rice productivity and sustainability with improved rice grain quality under saline conditions.
土壤盐分是影响农业生产力和作物品质的一个重要因素。本研究旨在探讨由耐盐微生物组成的土壤改良剂（SC）对盐胁迫条件下杂交水稻土壤肥力、产量、稻米品质以及淀粉理化和结构特性的影响。试验处理包括两个优质杂交水稻品种，即“Y两优957”（YLY957）和晶两优534（JLY534），以及两种土壤改良处理，分别为按对照水平和2250 kg/hm²施用SC，即“CK和SC”。作物采用淡水和海水混合水（电导率11 dS/m）灌溉。结果表明，由于每穗粒数增加，施用SC显著提高了盐胁迫条件下的水稻产量。此外，发现SC能有效提高土壤有机质和养分含量。此外，施用SC还提高了抗氧化防御能力、叶片SPAD值、作物生物量，并促进了抽穗期光合产物的转运。施用SC不仅提高了稻米的加工品质和外观品质，还通过增加直链淀粉含量和降低蛋白质含量提高了稻米的食味值。此外，施用SC还减少了淀粉颗粒表面的凹陷和颗粒边缘的裂缝。施用SC的水稻品种表现出优异的糊化特性，其特征是支链淀粉短链比例降低、糊化温度和糊化焓降低。总体而言，这些研究结果进一步证明了土壤改良剂作为一种有价值的工具，在盐胁迫条件下提高水稻生产力和可持续性以及改善稻米品质方面的功效。
