Department of Psychiatry, Clinical Psychology, and Mental Health, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain.
Department of Psychiatry, Autonomous University of Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain.
Int J Eat Disord. 2024 Nov;57(11):2299-2305. doi: 10.1002/eat.24282. Epub 2024 Aug 29.
Limited evidence exists regarding the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the onset and trajectory of eating disorders (EDs) among young in Spain. This study aims to analyze the characteristics and recent trends in hospital admissions for EDs within the pediatric population.
A retrospective analysis was conducted on hospital admissions for EDs among patients aged 10-19 years between 2016 and 2022. The main outcomes examined included hospital rates (overall, stratified by ED type and age group), psychiatric comorbidities, and length of stay.
A total of 8275 hospitalizations due to EDs were identified, constituting 1 in 6 hospital admissions for mental illness and behavioral disorders. Predominant characteristics of this population included female sex (93%), aged 15-19 years (58.3%), admission primarily for anorexia nervosa (71.6%), and psychiatric comorbidity (35.6%). Hospital admissions for EDs in the pediatric population showed an increasing trend, with an annual average increase of 11.1% (95% CI: 2.6, 22.6). This rise was led by children aged 10-14 years, with a yearly increase in EDs hospitalization rates of 28.4% (95% CI: 13.5, 56.3) since 2019. Each discharge related to EDs was associated with a median stay of 24 days (IQR: 10, 40).
Efforts in community healthcare should prioritize early detection and intervention for symptoms indicative of EDs in the pediatric population, aiming to mitigate the severity of cases requiring hospitalization. These findings underscore the necessity for targeted health planning policies to address the growing burden of EDs among Spanish youth.
关于 COVID-19 大流行对西班牙年轻人群中饮食失调症（ED）发病和病程的影响，目前相关证据有限。本研究旨在分析儿科人群中 ED 住院的特征和近期趋势。
回顾性分析了 2016 年至 2022 年间年龄在 10-19 岁之间因 ED 住院的患者。主要观察指标包括住院率（总体、按 ED 类型和年龄组分层）、合并精神疾病和住院时间。
共确定了 8275 例 ED 住院，占精神和行为障碍住院人数的 1/6。该人群的主要特征包括女性（93%）、年龄 15-19 岁（58.3%）、主要因神经性厌食症（71.6%）入院和合并精神疾病（35.6%）。儿科人群中 ED 的住院率呈上升趋势，年均增长率为 11.1%（95%CI：2.6，22.6）。这一增长主要由 10-14 岁儿童推动，自 2019 年以来，ED 住院率每年增加 28.4%（95%CI：13.5，56.3）。每次与 ED 相关的出院平均住院时间为 24 天（IQR：10，40）。
社区医疗保健应优先重视儿科人群中 ED 症状的早期发现和干预，以减轻需要住院治疗的病例的严重程度。这些发现强调了制定有针对性的卫生规划政策的必要性，以应对西班牙青年中 ED 负担的增加。
