Vogel Andrew D, Wynn Austin B, Richards Megan C, Sindoni Michelle, Brennan Zachary, Hamilton Caleb L, Gallegos Juan J, Wallen Tyler J
Research, Alabama College of Osteopathic Medicine, Dothan, USA.
Cardiac Surgery, Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, USA.
Cureus. 2024 Jul 29;16(7):e65672. doi: 10.7759/cureus.65672. eCollection 2024 Jul.
As more integrated cardiothoracic (CT) surgical residency programs are developed, there is increased interest in factors influencing specialty selection during undergraduate medical education. This study aimed to nationally assess interests and perceptions of CT surgery from medical students pursuing surgery and factors influencing such interests.
Active members of the American College of Osteopathic Surgeons - Medical Student Section were invited to complete an original survey. Means and 95% confidence intervals were calculated and graphed for questions using Likert scale responses. The comparison of mean responses for students in preclinical versus clinical years was assessed by a Kruskal-Wallis non-parametric ANOVA. Differences between response proportions were assessed via Bonferroni Comparison of Column Proportions.
There were 306 surveys completed. Interest in CT surgery was indicated by 10.24% of respondents with preclinical students comprising 84.3% of those responses. Most students interested in CT surgery experienced certain factors including clinical exposure (78.4%), shadowing (81.8%), volunteering (57.1%), and significant personal/life events (86.2%) before medical school. Preclinical students noted exposure to CT surgery during preclinical years would further increase their interest when compared to clinical students (μ=4.12 versus μ=3.51, P<0.000). Importantly, clinical students feel significantly less supported by their school to pursue CT surgery compared to preclinical students (μ=2.45 versus μ=3.40, P<0.000).
All factors establishing interest in CT surgery occurred before students entered medical school and during preclinical years. While there are negative perceptions associated with CT surgery, these may be ameliorated with increased support and resources for CT surgery during the preclinical years.
随着越来越多的心胸外科（CT）联合外科住院医师培训项目的开展，人们对本科医学教育期间影响专业选择的因素越来越感兴趣。本研究旨在对全国范围内追求外科专业的医学生对CT外科的兴趣和看法以及影响这些兴趣的因素进行评估。
邀请美国骨病外科医生学院医学生分会的活跃成员完成一项原创调查。使用李克特量表回答的问题计算了均值和95%置信区间并绘制了图表。通过Kruskal-Wallis非参数方差分析评估临床前与临床阶段学生平均回答的比较。通过Bonferroni列比例比较评估回答比例之间的差异。
共完成306份调查问卷。10.24%的受访者表示对CT外科感兴趣，其中临床前学生占这些回答的84.3%。大多数对CT外科感兴趣的学生在医学院之前经历过某些因素，包括临床接触（78.4%）、见习（81.8%）、志愿服务（57.1%）以及重大个人/生活事件（86.2%）。临床前学生指出，与临床阶段学生相比，在临床前阶段接触CT外科会进一步提高他们的兴趣（均值分别为4.12和3.51，P<0.000）。重要的是，与临床前学生相比，临床阶段学生感觉学校对他们追求CT外科的支持明显更少（均值分别为2.45和3.40，P<0.000）。
所有引发对CT外科兴趣的因素都发生在学生进入医学院之前和临床前阶段。虽然对CT外科存在负面看法，但在临床前阶段增加对CT外科的支持和资源可能会改善这些看法。
