University of Michigan, Section of Thoracic Surgery, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-5344, USA.
Ann Thorac Surg. 2012 Sep;94(3):800-5; discussion 805-6. doi: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2012.03.113. Epub 2012 Jun 27.
Interest in cardiothoracic surgery training has decreased, and there is a predicted shortage of 1,500 cardiothoracic surgeons by 2020. This study aims to analyze the attitudes toward cardiothoracic surgery of premedical and medical students in the preclinical years.
An anonymous electronic survey assessing interest in the cardiothoracic surgery field was sent to preclinical medical students and interviewees at the University of Michigan Medical School in 2010. Respondents were analyzed as a single population (N=566) and then compared in premedical (n=460) and medical student (n=106) groups. Responses were compared using independent-sample t tests.
Forty-six percent of respondents were women. Surgical specialty was ranked the top field of interest. Ninety-four percent reported intellectual interest, and 70% listed lifestyle as important factors when considering a specialty. Ninety-two percent of respondents were unaware of the new integrated training programs. Just 4% had had previous mentorship from a cardiothoracic surgeon. In group comparison, salary and lifestyle were of greater concern to the medical group than the premedical group (salary, 47% vs 33%; p<0.01; lifestyle, 78% vs 68%; p<0.05, respectively). Given the ability to achieve one's personal goals, the premedical group was more interested in cardiothoracic surgery than was the medical group (88% vs 76%; p<0.05).
Cardiothoracic surgeons may be better served by aiming their recruiting and mentoring efforts toward premedical students, who are more open to longer training, less concerned about lifestyle and salary, and are generally more interested in pursuing thoracic surgery than are medical students.
对心胸外科培训的兴趣下降，预计到 2020 年将短缺 1500 名心胸外科医生。本研究旨在分析临床医学前和医学生对心胸外科的态度。
2010 年，向密歇根大学医学院临床医学前学生和面试者发送了一份关于对心胸外科领域感兴趣的匿名电子调查。受访者作为一个整体（N=566）进行分析，然后分为临床医学前组（n=460）和医学生组（n=106）进行比较。使用独立样本 t 检验比较两组的结果。
46%的受访者为女性。外科专业是最感兴趣的领域。94%的人报告说对智力感兴趣，70%的人在考虑专业时将生活方式列为重要因素。92%的受访者不知道新的综合培训计划。只有 4%的人曾接受过心胸外科医生的指导。在组间比较中，薪酬和生活方式是医学生比临床医学前学生更关心的问题（薪酬，47%比 33%；p<0.01；生活方式，78%比 68%；p<0.05）。鉴于能够实现个人目标，临床医学前学生比医学生对心胸外科更感兴趣（88%比 76%；p<0.05）。
心胸外科医生可能更适合将招聘和指导工作重点放在临床医学前学生身上，他们更愿意接受更长时间的培训，对生活方式和薪酬的关注较少，并且普遍比医学生更有兴趣从事胸外科工作。
