Byrne Róisín, Carrico Amanda, Lettieri Mariagrazia, Rajan Athira K, Forster Robert J, Cumba Loanda R
School of Chemical Sciences, National Centre for Sensor Research, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland.
FutureNeuro, The SFI Research Centre for Chronic and Rare Neurological Diseases, Royal College of Surgeons, Ireland.
Mater Today Bio. 2024 Aug 5;28:101185. doi: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2024.101185. eCollection 2024 Oct.
3D bioprinting technologies and bioink development are enabling significant advances in miniaturized and integrated biosensors. For example, bioreceptors can be immobilized within a porous 3D structure to significantly amplify the signal, while biocompatible and mechanically flexible systems uniquely enable wearable chem- and bio-sensors. This advancement is accelerating translation by enabling the production of high performance, reproducible, and flexible analytical devices. The formulation of the bioink plays a crucial role in determining the bio-functionality of the resulting printed structures, e.g., the porosity that allows the analyte to diffuse through the 3D structure, the affinity and avidity of the receptors, etc. This review explores the next generation of advanced bioinks for biosensor development and provides insights into the latest cutting-edge bioprinting technologies. The bioprinting methods available for biosensor fabrication including inkjet, extrusion, and laser-based bioprinting, are discussed. The advantages and limitations of each method are analysed, and recent advancements in bioprinting technologies are presented. The review then delves into the properties of advanced bioinks, such as biocompatibility, printability, stability, and applicability. Different types of advanced bioinks are explored, including multicomponent, stimuli-responsive, and conductive bioinks. Finally, the next generation of bioinks for biosensors is considered, identifying possible new opportunities and challenges. Overall, this literature review highlights the combined importance of bioink formulation and bioprinting methods for the development of high-performance analytical biosensors.
3D生物打印技术和生物墨水的发展正在推动微型化和集成化生物传感器取得重大进展。例如，生物受体可以固定在多孔3D结构内以显著放大信号，而生物相容性和机械柔韧性系统独特地使可穿戴化学和生物传感器成为可能。这一进展通过实现高性能、可重复和灵活的分析设备的生产，加速了技术转化。生物墨水的配方在决定所得打印结构的生物功能方面起着关键作用，例如允许分析物扩散通过3D结构的孔隙率、受体的亲和力和avidity等。本综述探讨了用于生物传感器开发的下一代先进生物墨水，并深入了解了最新的前沿生物打印技术。讨论了可用于生物传感器制造的生物打印方法，包括喷墨、挤出和基于激光的生物打印。分析了每种方法的优点和局限性，并介绍了生物打印技术的最新进展。该综述接着深入探讨了先进生物墨水的特性，如生物相容性、可打印性、稳定性和适用性。探索了不同类型的先进生物墨水，包括多组分、刺激响应和导电生物墨水。最后，考虑了用于生物传感器的下一代生物墨水，确定了可能的新机遇和挑战。总体而言，这篇文献综述强调了生物墨水配方和生物打印方法对于开发高性能分析生物传感器的综合重要性。
