“安乐死”真的比“活着”好吗？对中国“尊严死”实践的反思。
Is it really better to "die" than "live"? Reflections on the practice of "death with dignity" in China.
机构信息
Department of Global Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China.
出版信息
Front Public Health. 2024 Aug 14;12:1426257. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1426257. eCollection 2024.
AIM
To analyze the causes of the controversy caused by "death with dignity" in China, and to provide some useful thoughts for the practical exploration of "death with dignity."
SUBJECT AND METHODS
By combing the periodical literature, legal texts and practice, we find that the Medical Regulations of Shenzhen Special Economic Zone, which was revised and passed by China in 2022, recognized the legal effect of "living will" for the first time in legislation, which triggered a wide-ranging social discussion on "death with dignity" and brought many controversies.
RESULTS
Due to the influence of traditional culture, policies and laws, medical service supply capacity and other factors, death with dignity suffers from great practical resistance.
CONCLUSION
The exploration of "death with dignity" system needs to start with the problems encountered in practice, focusing on cultivating a good system implementation environment, strengthening the top-level design of "death with dignity" system, and improving the national social security system for hospice care.
目的
分析“尊严死”在中国引发争议的原因，为“尊严死”的实践探索提供一些有益的思路。
对象与方法
通过梳理期刊文献、法律法规及实践，发现 2022 年中国修订通过的《深圳经济特区医疗条例》，在立法上首次确认了“生前预嘱”的法律效力，由此引发了广泛的“尊严死”社会讨论，也带来了诸多争议。
结果
由于传统文化、政策法规、医疗服务供给能力等因素的影响，“尊严死”面临着巨大的实践阻力。
结论
“尊严死”制度的探索需要从实践中遇到的问题入手，注重培育良好的制度实施环境，加强“尊严死”制度的顶层设计，完善国家临终关怀社会安全保障制度。
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