Seltzer Karl M, Rao Venkatesh, Pye Havala O T, Murphy Benjamin N, Place Bryan K, Khare Peeyush, Gentner Drew R, Allen Christine, Cooley David, Mason Rich, Houyoux Marc
Office of Air and Radiation, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 109 TW Alexander Dr, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711.
Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 109 TW Alexander Dr, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711.
Environ Sci Atmos. 2023 Jul 9;3:1221-1230. doi: 10.1039/d3ea00066d.
Liquid asphalt is a petroleum-derived substance commonly used in construction activities. Recent work has identified lower volatility, reactive organic carbon from asphalt as an overlooked source of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) precursor emissions. Here, we leverage potential emission estimates and usage data to construct a bottom-up inventory of asphalt-related emissions in the United States. In 2018, we estimate that hot-mix, warm-mix, emulsified, cutback, and roofing asphalt generated 380 Gg (317 Gg - 447 Gg) of organic compound emissions. The impacts of these emissions on anthropogenic SOA and ozone throughout the contiguous United States are estimated using photochemical modeling. In several major cities, asphalt-related emissions can increase modeled summertime SOA, on average, by 0.1 - 0.2 μg m-3 (2-4% of SOA) and may reach up to 0.5 μg m-3 at noontime on select days. The influence of asphalt-related emissions on modeled ozone are generally small (0.1 ppb). We estimate that asphalt paving-related emissions are half of what they were nearly 50 years ago, largely due to the concerted efforts to reduce emissions from cutback asphalts. If on-road mobile emissions continue their multidecadal decline, contributions of urban SOA from evaporative and non-road mobile sources will continue to grow in relative importance.
液态沥青是一种石油衍生物质，常用于建筑活动。最近的研究发现，沥青中挥发性较低的活性有机碳是二次有机气溶胶（SOA）前体排放的一个被忽视的来源。在此，我们利用潜在排放估计值和使用数据，构建了美国与沥青相关排放的自下而上清单。2018年，我们估计热拌沥青、温拌沥青、乳化沥青、稀释沥青和屋面沥青产生了约380Gg（317Gg - 447Gg）的有机化合物排放。使用光化学模型估算了这些排放在美国本土对人为SOA和臭氧的影响。在几个主要城市，与沥青相关的排放可使夏季模拟的SOA平均增加0.1 - 0.2μg m-3（占SOA的2 - 4%），在特定日子的中午可能高达0.5μg m-3。与沥青相关的排放对模拟臭氧的影响通常较小（约0.1ppb）。我们估计，与沥青铺路相关的排放仅为近50年前的一半，这主要归功于减少稀释沥青排放的协同努力。如果道路移动源排放继续保持数十年来的下降趋势，蒸发源和非道路移动源对城市SOA的贡献将在相对重要性上持续增加。
