Clinic of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany.
Department of Internal Medicine III, Center for Healthy Aging, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany.
Dis Model Mech. 2024 Sep 1;17(9). doi: 10.1242/dmm.050743. Epub 2024 Sep 27.
The mandible plays an essential part in human life and, thus, defects in this structure can dramatically impair the quality of life in patients. Axolotls, unlike humans, are capable of regenerating their lower jaws; however, the underlying mechanisms and their similarities to those in limb regeneration are unknown. In this work, we used morphological, histological and transcriptomic approaches to analyze the regeneration of lateral resection defects in the axolotl mandible. We found that this structure can regenerate all missing tissues in 90 days through gap minimization, blastema formation and, finally, tissue growth, differentiation and integration. Moreover, transcriptomic comparisons of regenerating mandibles and limbs showed that they share molecular phases of regeneration, that these similarities peak during blastema stages and that mandible regeneration occurs at a slower pace. Altogether, our study demonstrates the existence of a shared regenerative program used in two different regenerating body structures with different embryonic origins in the axolotl and contributes to our understanding of the minimum requirements for a successful regeneration in vertebrates, bringing us closer to understand similar lesions in human mandibles.
下颌在人类生活中起着至关重要的作用，因此，下颌结构的缺陷会极大地降低患者的生活质量。蝾螈与人类不同，它们能够再生下颚；然而，其背后的机制及其与肢体再生的相似性尚不清楚。在这项工作中，我们使用形态学、组织学和转录组学方法来分析蝾螈下颌骨侧向切除缺陷的再生。我们发现，该结构可以通过间隙最小化、芽基形成以及最终的组织生长、分化和整合，在 90 天内再生所有缺失的组织。此外，对再生下颌骨和肢体的转录组比较表明，它们共享再生的分子阶段，这些相似性在芽基阶段达到峰值，并且下颌骨的再生速度较慢。总的来说，我们的研究表明，在蝾螈中，具有不同胚胎起源的两种不同再生体结构中存在共享的再生程序，并有助于我们理解脊椎动物成功再生的最低要求，使我们更接近于理解人类下颌骨的类似损伤。
