Department of Medical Education and Informatics, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.
Department of Family Medicine, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.
Eur J Gen Pract. 2024 Dec;30(1):2386284. doi: 10.1080/13814788.2024.2386284. Epub 2024 Aug 29.
Health advocacy (HA) involves purposeful actions to inform, mobilise, and organise activities to address social determinants of health affecting individuals or communities. It is a fundamental component of medical practice, deemed mandatory by professional and educational bodies. Therefore, including health advocacy training in pre- and post-graduate medical education is crucial.
In this study, we aimed to determine the need for HA training for family physicians (FPs) based on expert opinions.
We conducted a modified Delphi study with 105 academic experts and active FPs to explore HA training needs. Using a three-round technique, experts first answered five open-ended questions on HA competencies, teaching and assessment methods, learning environments, and integration in residency training. In the second round, statements from the responses were rated on a 5-point Likert scale, in the third round, statements below the 85% consensus level were revised and re-evaluated.
The panel consisted of 41 experts (33 academicians, 8 practitioners) who accepted the invitation and completed the study. At the end of the three rounds, consensus was reached on 38 statements for HA competencies, 15 for teaching methods, 8 for assessment methods, and 20 for integration for HA training.
Competencies for the HA role are very broad in perspective and show commonalities with the FPs' 'professional', 'expert' and 'leader' roles. Longitudinally integration of the HA training into the national 'Family Medicine Residency Training Core Curriculum' through participatory processes and training of FM trainers in HA is strongly recommended.
健康倡导（HA）涉及有目的的行动，旨在告知、动员和组织活动，以解决影响个人或社区的健康决定因素。它是医学实践的基本组成部分，被专业和教育机构视为强制性的。因此，在医学生的预科和毕业后教育中纳入健康倡导培训至关重要。
在这项研究中，我们旨在根据专家意见确定家庭医生（FP）对 HA 培训的需求。
我们使用三轮技术对 105 名学术专家和活跃的 FP 进行了改良德尔菲研究，以探索 HA 培训需求。专家首先回答了五个关于 HA 能力、教学和评估方法、学习环境以及在住院医师培训中的整合的开放式问题。在第二轮，对来自回复的陈述进行了 5 分李克特量表评分，在第三轮，对低于 85%共识水平的陈述进行了修订和重新评估。
该小组由 41 名专家（33 名学者，8 名从业者）组成，他们接受了邀请并完成了研究。在三轮结束时，就 38 项 HA 能力、15 项教学方法、8 项评估方法和 20 项 HA 培训整合达成了共识。
HA 角色的能力非常广泛，与 FPs 的“专业”、“专家”和“领导者”角色具有共同性。强烈建议通过参与性过程和对 FM 培训师进行 HA 培训，将 HA 培训纵向纳入国家“家庭医学住院医师培训核心课程”。
