Liu Tiefeng, Beket Gulzada, Li Qifan, Zhang Qilun, Jeong Sang Young, Yang Chi-Yuan, Huang Jun-Da, Li Yuxuan, Stoeckel Marc-Antoine, Xiong Miao, van der Pol Tom P A, Bergqvist Jonas, Woo Han Young, Gao Feng, Fahlman Mats, Österberg Thomas, Fabiano Simone
Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, Norrköping, SE-60174, Sweden.
Wallenberg Initiative Materials Science for Sustainability, Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, Norrköping, SE-60174, Sweden.
Adv Sci (Weinh). 2024 Oct;11(40):e2405676. doi: 10.1002/advs.202405676. Epub 2024 Aug 29.
Transparent electrodes (TEs) are vital in optoelectronic devices, enabling the interaction of light and charges. While indium tin oxide (ITO) has traditionally served as a benchmark TE, its high cost prompts the exploration of alternatives to optimize electrode characteristics and improve device efficiencies. Conducting polymers, which combine polymer advantages with metal-like conductivity, emerge as a promising solution for TEs. This work introduces a two-in-one electron transport layer (ETL) and TE based on films of polyethylenimine ethoxylated (PEIE)-modified poly(benzodifurandione) (PBFDO). These PEIE-modified PBFDO layers exhibit a unique combination of properties, including low sheet resistance (130 Ω sq), low work function (4.2 eV), and high optical transparency (>85% in the UV-vis-NIR range). In contrast to commonly used poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS), the doping level of PBFDO remains unaffected by the PEIE treatment, as verified through UV-vis-NIR absorption and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements. When employed as a two-in-one ETL/TE in organic solar cells, the PEIE-modified PBFDO electrode exhibits performance comparable to conventional ITO electrodes. Moreover, this work demonstrates all-organic solar cells with record-high power conversion efficiencies of >15.1% under indoor lighting conditions. These findings hold promise for the development of fully printed, all-organic optoelectronic devices.
透明电极（TEs）在光电器件中至关重要，能够实现光与电荷的相互作用。虽然氧化铟锡（ITO）传统上一直是TE的基准材料，但其高成本促使人们探索替代材料，以优化电极特性并提高器件效率。导电聚合物将聚合物的优点与类似金属的导电性相结合，成为TE的一种有前途的解决方案。这项工作介绍了一种基于聚乙撑亚胺乙氧基化（PEIE）改性聚（苯并二呋喃二酮）（PBFDO）薄膜的二合一电子传输层（ETL）和TE。这些PEIE改性的PBFDO层展现出独特的性能组合，包括低表面电阻（130 Ω/sq）、低功函数（4.2 eV）和高光学透明度（在紫外-可见-近红外范围内>85%）。与常用的聚（3,4-乙撑二氧噻吩）：聚（苯乙烯磺酸盐）（PEDOT:PSS）不同，通过紫外-可见-近红外吸收和X射线光电子能谱测量验证，PBFDO的掺杂水平不受PEIE处理的影响。当用作有机太阳能电池中的二合一ETL/TE时，PEIE改性的PBFDO电极表现出与传统ITO电极相当的性能。此外，这项工作展示了在室内照明条件下功率转换效率>15.1%的创纪录高值的全有机太阳能电池。这些发现为全印刷的全有机光电器件的发展带来了希望。
