San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.
SPDC, Mental Health Department, Santa Maria delle Grazie Hospital, ASL 2, Naples, Italy.
J Nerv Ment Dis. 2024 Sep 1;212(9):457-459. doi: 10.1097/NMD.0000000000001800.
The psychopathological manifestations associated with substance use, including induced psychotic experiences, are increasingly relevant but not well-understood within the medical community. Novel psychoactive substances and potentiated old compounds like cannabis and cocaine have emerged as a global concern, especially among adolescents and young adults. Transition rates from substance-induced psychosis (SIP) to persistent psychosis are significant, particularly in cases of cannabis-induced psychosis. Scientific inquiry into induced psychotic phenomena has revealed differences between SIP and primary psychotic disorders, highlighting the risk factors associated with each. The concept of exogenous psychosis, including its toxic variant known as lysergic psychoma, provides valuable insights into the role of external factors in psychosis development. A phenomenological approach characterizes this disruption in perception as a shift in temporal and spatial dimensions, leading to auditory and visual hallucinations. The "twilight state" of consciousness plays a crucial role in the transition from substance use to psychosis, with implications for spatiality, intersubjectivity, and temporality. This complex path to psychosis challenges traditional diagnostic models and underscores the need for a more nuanced understanding of substance-induced psychopathological experiences.
与物质使用相关的精神病理学表现，包括诱发的精神病体验，在医学界越来越受到关注，但仍未得到很好的理解。新型精神活性物质和增强型旧化合物，如大麻和可卡因，已成为全球关注的焦点，尤其是在青少年和年轻成年人中。从物质诱发的精神病（SIP）到持续性精神病的转变率很高，特别是在大麻诱发的精神病病例中。对诱发精神病现象的科学研究揭示了 SIP 与原发性精神病障碍之间的差异，突出了与每种障碍相关的风险因素。外源性精神病的概念，包括其毒性变体称为麦角酰二乙胺精神病，为理解外部因素在精神病发展中的作用提供了有价值的见解。现象学方法将这种感知障碍描述为时间和空间维度的转变，导致听觉和视觉幻觉。意识的“半睡半醒状态”在物质使用向精神病的转变中起着至关重要的作用，对空间性、主体间性和时间性都有影响。这种复杂的精神病发生途径挑战了传统的诊断模式，强调了需要更细致地理解物质诱发的精神病理学体验。
