Departamento de Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto / Instituto de Biotecnología Ambiental y Salud, INBIAS-CONICET, Ruta 36 Km 601. CP, 5800, Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina.
Laboratorio de Polímeros y Materiales Compuestos, Departamento de Física, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires / Instituto de Física de Buenos Aires, IFIBACONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2024 Sep;31(42):54618-54633. doi: 10.1007/s11356-024-34755-z. Epub 2024 Aug 29.
Chromium and arsenic are among the priority pollutants to be controlled by regulatory and health agencies due to their ability to accumulate in food chains and the harmful effects on health resulting from the ingestion of food contaminated with metals and metalloids. In the present work, four biohybrid membrane systems were developed as alternatives for the removal of these pollutants, three based on polyvinyl alcohol polymeric mesh (PVA, PVA-magnetite, PVA L-cysteine) and one based on polybutylene adipate terephthalate (PBAT), all associated with bioremediation agents. The efficiency of the bioassociation process was assessed through count methods and microscopy. The removal capacity of these systems was evaluated in synthetic liquid medium, both in the absence and in the presence of soybean (Glycine max L.) seedlings. The content of chromium and arsenic was also analyzed in aerial and hypogeous tissues of seedlings grown on contaminated solid substrate. PVA and PVA-magnetite biohybrid membranes showed the highest removal rates, between 57 and 75% of the initial arsenic content and more than 80% of the initial chromium content after 48 h of treatment, when evaluated in synthetic liquid media with initial concentrations of 2.5 ppm of pentavalent arsenic and 5 ppm of hexavalent chromium, both in presence and absence of seedlings. PVA and PBAT promoted a significant reduction of arsenic translocation to the aerial parts, generally edible, of this crop of agronomic interest. The systems tested showed a high potential for biotechnological applications in matrices affected by the presence of arsenic and chromium.
铬和砷是受监管和健康机构控制的优先污染物，因为它们能够在食物链中积累，并因摄入受金属和类金属污染的食物而对健康造成有害影响。在本工作中，开发了四种生物杂化膜系统作为去除这些污染物的替代方法，其中三种基于聚乙烯醇聚合物网（PVA、PVA-磁铁矿、PVA L-半胱氨酸），一种基于聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯（PBAT），都与生物修复剂相关联。通过计数方法和显微镜评估生物关联过程的效率。在合成液体培养基中，评估了这些系统在不存在和存在大豆（Glycine max L.）幼苗的情况下的去除能力。还分析了在受污染的固体基质上生长的幼苗的地上和地下组织中的铬和砷含量。当在含有初始浓度为 2.5 ppm 五价砷和 5 ppm 六价铬的合成液体培养基中，且在存在和不存在幼苗的情况下，评估 48 小时后，PVA 和 PVA-磁铁矿生物杂化膜显示出最高的去除率，对初始砷含量的去除率在 57%至 75%之间，对初始铬含量的去除率超过 80%。PVA 和 PBAT 促进了砷向这种具有农业重要性的作物可食用地上部分的显著转移。测试的系统显示出在受砷和铬存在影响的基质中进行生物技术应用的高潜力。
