Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; email:
Network Science Institute and Department of Physics, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Annu Rev Nutr. 2024 Aug;44(1):257-288. doi: 10.1146/annurev-nutr-062322-030557.
Diet, a modifiable risk factor, plays a pivotal role in most diseases, from cardiovascular disease to type 2 diabetes mellitus, cancer, and obesity. However, our understanding of the mechanistic role of the chemical compounds found in food remains incomplete. In this review, we explore the "dark matter" of nutrition, going beyond the macro- and micronutrients documented by national databases to unveil the exceptional chemical diversity of food composition. We also discuss the need to explore the impact of each compound in the presence of associated chemicals and relevant food sources and describe the tools that will allow us to do so. Finally, we discuss the role of network medicine in understanding the mechanism of action of each food molecule. Overall, we illustrate the important role of network science and artificial intelligence in our ability to reveal nutrition's multifaceted role in health and disease.
饮食是一种可改变的风险因素，在大多数疾病中都起着关键作用，从心血管疾病到 2 型糖尿病、癌症和肥胖症。然而，我们对食物中发现的化学化合物的作用机制的理解还不完整。在这篇综述中，我们探讨了营养的“暗物质”，超越了国家数据库记录的宏量和微量营养素，揭示了食物成分的非凡化学多样性。我们还讨论了需要在相关化学物质和相关食物来源存在的情况下探索每种化合物的影响，并描述了将使我们能够做到这一点的工具。最后，我们讨论了网络医学在理解每种食物分子作用机制中的作用。总的来说，我们说明了网络科学和人工智能在揭示营养在健康和疾病中的多方面作用方面的重要作用。
