Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China.
College of Basic Medical Sciences, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China.
PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2024 Aug 29;18(8):e0012411. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0012411. eCollection 2024 Aug.
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is a newly identified tick-borne viral hemorrhagic fever caused by Dabie Banda virus (DBV). The virus was first discovered in eastern China in 2009 and is now considered an infectious disease with a mortality rate ranging from 6.3% to 30%. The best strategy for controlling SFTS is to develop effective vaccines. However, no approved vaccines are currently available to prevent this disease, despite the number of extensive and in-depth studies conducted on DBV in the past few years. This review focuses on the structure of DBV and the induced host immune responses which are the fundamental factors in vaccine development, and thoroughly summarizes the current research progress on DBV vaccines. The developing DBV vaccines include protein subunit vaccines, live attenuated vaccines, recombinant virus vector vaccines, and DNA vaccines. At present, almost all candidate vaccines for DBV are in the laboratory development or preclinical stages. There remain challenges in successfully developing clinically approved DBV vaccines.
严重发热伴血小板减少综合征（SFTS）是一种由大别山病毒（DBV）引起的新发蜱传病毒性出血热。该病毒于 2009 年在中国东部首次发现，目前被认为是一种传染病，死亡率在 6.3%至 30%之间。控制 SFTS 的最佳策略是开发有效的疫苗。然而，尽管过去几年对 DBV 进行了广泛而深入的研究，但目前尚无预防该病的批准疫苗。本综述重点介绍了 DBV 的结构和诱导的宿主免疫反应，这些都是疫苗开发的基础因素，并全面总结了 DBV 疫苗的研究进展。正在开发的 DBV 疫苗包括蛋白亚单位疫苗、减毒活疫苗、重组病毒载体疫苗和 DNA 疫苗。目前，DBV 的几乎所有候选疫苗都处于实验室研发或临床前阶段。成功开发出临床批准的 DBV 疫苗仍然存在挑战。
