School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, PR China; College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China.
School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, PR China; College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China.
J Hazard Mater. 2024 Nov 5;479:135669. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.135669. Epub 2024 Aug 27.
Landfill leachate treatment plants (LLTPs) harbor a vast reservoir of uncultured microbes, yet limited studies have systematically unraveled their functional potentials within LLTPs. Combining 36 metagenomic and 18 metatranscriptomic datasets from a full-scale LLTP, we unveiled a double-edged sword role of unknown species in leachate biotreatment and environmental implication. We identified 655 species-level genome bins (SGBs) spanning 47 bacterial and 3 archaeal phyla, with 75.9 % unassigned to any known species. Over 90 % of up-regulated functional genes in biotreatment units, compared to the leachate influent, were carried by unknown species and actively participated in carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur cycles. Approximately 79 % of the 37,366 carbohydrate active enzymes (CAZymes), with ∼90 % novelty and high expression, were encoded by unknown species, exhibiting great potential in biodegrading carbohydrate compounds linked to human meat-rich diets. Unknown species offered a valuable genetic resource of thousands of versatile, abundant, and actively expressed metabolic gene clusters (MGCs) and biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) for enhancing leachate treatment. However, unknown species may contribute to the emission of hazardous NO/HS and represented significant reservoirs for antibiotic-resistant pathogens that posed environmental safety risks. This study highlighted the significance of considering both positive and adverse effects of LLTP microbes to optimize LLTP performance.
垃圾填埋场渗滤液处理厂（LLTPs）蕴藏着大量未培养的微生物，但有限的研究系统地揭示了它们在 LLTPs 中的功能潜力。通过对一个全规模 LLTP 的 36 个宏基因组和 18 个宏转录组数据集进行综合分析，我们揭示了未知物种在渗滤液生物处理和环境影响中的双刃剑作用。我们鉴定了 655 个种水平基因组bins（SGBs），跨越 47 个细菌门和 3 个古菌门，其中 75.9%未被任何已知物种所归属。与渗滤液进水相比，生物处理单元中上调的功能基因中超过 90%是由未知物种携带的，并且它们积极参与了碳、氮和硫循环。大约 79%的 37366 个碳水化合物活性酶（CAZymes），具有约 90%的新颖性和高表达水平，是由未知物种编码的，它们在降解与人类富含肉类的饮食有关的碳水化合物化合物方面具有很大的潜力。未知物种为提高渗滤液处理效果提供了数千个多功能、丰富和活跃表达的代谢基因簇（MGCs）和生物合成基因簇（BGCs）的宝贵遗传资源。然而，未知物种可能会导致危险的 NO/HS 的排放，并代表着具有环境安全风险的抗生素抗性病原体的重要储存库。本研究强调了考虑 LLTP 微生物的积极和消极影响以优化 LLTP 性能的重要性。
