KIIT School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751024, India.
Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, Uppsala SE-751 20, Sweden.
Biomed Pharmacother. 2024 Oct;179:117372. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.117372. Epub 2024 Aug 28.
Polymeric nanoparticles have emerged as promising contenders for addressing the intricate challenges encountered in brain tumor therapy due to their distinctive attributes, including adjustable size, biocompatibility, and controlled drug release kinetics. This review comprehensively delves into the latest developments in synthesizing, characterizing, and applying polymeric nanoparticles explicitly tailored for brain tumor therapy. Various synthesis methodologies, such as emulsion polymerization, nanoprecipitation, and template-assisted fabrication, are scrutinized within the context of brain tumor targeting, elucidating their advantages and limitations concerning traversing the blood-brain barrier. Furthermore, strategies pertaining to surface modification and functionalization are expounded upon to augment the stability, biocompatibility, and targeting prowess of polymeric nanoparticles amidst the intricate milieu of the brain microenvironment. Characterization techniques encompassing dynamic light scattering, transmission electron microscopy, and spectroscopic methods are scrutinized to evaluate the physicochemical attributes of polymeric nanoparticles engineered for brain tumor therapy. Moreover, a comprehensive exploration of the manifold applications of polymeric nanoparticles encompassing drug delivery, gene therapy, imaging, and combination therapies for brain tumours is undertaken. Special emphasis is placed on the encapsulation of diverse therapeutics within polymeric nanoparticles, thereby shielding them from degradation and enabling precise targeting within the brain. Additionally, recent advancements in stimuli-responsive and multifunctional polymeric nanoparticles are probed for their potential in personalized medicine and theranostics tailored for brain tumours. In essence, this review furnishes an all-encompassing overview of the recent strides made in tailoring polymeric nanoparticles for brain tumor therapy, illuminating their synthesis, characterization, and multifaceted application.
高分子纳米粒作为一种很有前途的候选物，在脑肿瘤治疗中可以解决很多复杂的问题，这是因为它们具有独特的属性，包括可调节的尺寸、生物相容性和可控的药物释放动力学。这篇综述全面深入地探讨了专门用于脑肿瘤治疗的高分子纳米粒的合成、表征和应用的最新进展。综述了各种合成方法，如乳液聚合、纳米沉淀和模板辅助制造，并从脑肿瘤靶向的角度探讨了它们在穿越血脑屏障方面的优缺点。此外，还阐述了关于表面修饰和功能化的策略，以增强高分子纳米粒在脑微环境复杂环境中的稳定性、生物相容性和靶向能力。通过动态光散射、透射电子显微镜和光谱方法等表征技术来评估为脑肿瘤治疗设计的高分子纳米粒的物理化学性质。此外，还全面探讨了高分子纳米粒在药物输送、基因治疗、成像以及脑肿瘤的联合治疗等多种应用。特别强调了将各种治疗药物封装在高分子纳米粒中，从而防止其降解，并能够在大脑内进行精确靶向。此外，还探讨了刺激响应性和多功能高分子纳米粒的最新进展，以了解它们在针对脑肿瘤的个性化医学和治疗学中的潜在应用。总之，这篇综述全面概述了为脑肿瘤治疗而专门设计的高分子纳米粒的最新进展，阐述了它们的合成、表征和多方面的应用。
