Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo (USP), Alameda Dr. Octávio Pinheiro Brisolla, 9-75, Vila Universitária, 17012-901 Bauru, SP, Brazil.
Department of Physics, School of Sciences, São Paulo State University, Av. Engenheiro Luiz Edmundo Carrijo Coube, s/n, Vargem Limpa, 17033360 Bauru, SP, Brazil.
Dent Mater. 2024 Nov;40(11):1843-1853. doi: 10.1016/j.dental.2024.07.019. Epub 2024 Aug 29.
Develop a sustainable bovine hydroxyapatite dental ceramic with the addition of titanium dioxide (TiO) nanoparticles (5 % and 8 % by weight), analyzing the outcome of this addition to the microstructure, as well as its mechanical and chemical properties, in order to evaluate whether they satisfy the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 6872:2015 for dental ceramics or not.
Disks were obtained through uniaxial followed by isostatic pressing from bovine hydroxyapatite powder and TiO nanoparticles and sintered at 1300ºC for 2 h. Three experimental groups were developed (HA, HA+5 %TiO and HA+8 %TiO) and subjected to X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), indentation fracture (IF), biaxial flexural strength (BFS) and chemical solubility test.
XRD revealed, for HA group, the appearance of a peak corresponding to b-tricalcium phosphate (ß-TCP). For HA+ 5 %TiO and HA+ 8 %TiO the entire composition was converted into ß-TCP and calcium titanate (CaTiO). The SEM images showed a dense ceramic matrix and a uniform distribution of another phase in groups with TiO nanoparticles. HA+ 5 %TiO (1.40 ± 0.18 MPa.m) and HA+ 8 %TiO (1.32 ± 0.18 MPa.m) showed significantly higher fracture toughness values than HA (0.67 ± 0.09 MPa.m). HA showed significantly higher characteristic stress (295.8 MPa) in comparison to groups with 5 % (235.1 MPa) and 8 % (214.4 MPa) TiO nanoparticles. Differences were not observed between the Weibull modulus values. The solubility results indicated that all experimental ceramics were above the 2000 ug/cm limit set by the ISO 6872:2015.
This study proposed the development and characterization of a new ceramic for dental prosthesis made from HA extracted from bovine bones, with the intention of reusing these solids waste and transforming them into a sustainable and low-cost material. Although the experimental calcium phosphate ceramic with additions of 5 % and 8 % of TiO achieved desirable mechanical properties, the chemical solubility values were very high.
开发一种可持续的牛羟基磷灰石牙科陶瓷，添加二氧化钛（TiO）纳米粒子（重量的 5%和 8%），分析这种添加对微观结构以及机械和化学性能的影响，以评估它们是否符合国际标准化组织（ISO）6872:2015 牙科陶瓷标准。
通过从牛羟基磷灰石粉末和 TiO 纳米粒子进行单轴随后等静压获得圆盘，并在 1300°C 下烧结 2 小时。开发了三个实验组（HA、HA+5%TiO 和 HA+8%TiO），并进行了 X 射线衍射（XRD）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、能谱（EDS）、压痕断裂（IF）、双轴弯曲强度（BFS）和化学溶解度测试。
XRD 显示，对于 HA 组，出现了对应于β-磷酸三钙（ß-TCP）的峰。对于 HA+5%TiO 和 HA+8%TiO，整个成分都转化为ß-TCP 和钛酸钙（CaTiO）。SEM 图像显示，在含有 TiO 纳米粒子的组中，陶瓷基质致密，另一相分布均匀。HA+5%TiO（1.40±0.18 MPa.m）和 HA+8%TiO（1.32±0.18 MPa.m）的断裂韧性值明显高于 HA（0.67±0.09 MPa.m）。HA 的特征应力（295.8 MPa）明显高于 5%（235.1 MPa）和 8%（214.4 MPa）TiO 纳米粒子组。威布尔模数值之间没有差异。溶解度结果表明，所有实验陶瓷的溶解度都高于 ISO 6872:2015 规定的 2000 μg/cm 限制。
本研究提出了一种由牛骨提取的 HA 制成的牙科修复体用新型陶瓷的开发和特性研究，旨在再利用这些固体废物，并将其转化为可持续和低成本的材料。尽管添加了 5%和 8%TiO 的实验性钙磷陶瓷获得了理想的机械性能，但化学溶解度值非常高。
