探讨佛罗里达州迈阿密戴德县的海地人/海地裔美国人在 COVID-19 大流行期间的经历：该社区如何应对公共卫生紧急事件。
Exploring the experiences of Haitians/Haitian Americans in Miami-Dade County, Florida during the COVID-19 pandemic: how this community coped with the public health emergency.
机构信息
Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States.
Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, United States.
出版信息
Front Public Health. 2024 Aug 15;12:1364260. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1364260. eCollection 2024.
OBJECTIVE
To explore and describe the experiences of Haitians/Haitian Americans in Miami-Dade County, Florida during the COVID-19 pandemic, including their attitudes and practices towards vaccination.
DESIGN
We interviewed 15 community members and 15 stakeholders in the Haitian/Haitian American community in Miami-Dade County, Florida using a semi-structured interview guide. The qualitative interviews were conducted between February 4, 2021, and October 1, 2021. They were conducted in both English and Haitian Creole, audio recorded transcribed/translated, and coded using thematic content analysis.
RESULTS
The analyses revealed 9 major themes: (1) thoughts about the pandemic, (2) concerns about the COVID-19 vaccines, (3) healthcare access, February-October 2021, (4) intrapersonal relationship dynamics, (5) thoughts about individuals diagnosed with COVID-19, (6) thoughts about prevention measures (e.g., wearing masks, hand hygiene, social distancing, vaccination), (7) mental health struggles and coping, (8) food insecurity, and (9) overall experiences of the pandemic. The findings reveal that the COVID-19 public health emergency negatively affected Haitians/Haitian Americans across several domains, including employment, healthcare access, personal relationships, and food security.
CONCLUSION
This research echoes the compounding negative experiences reported by multiple disadvantaged groups during the COVID-19 pandemic. From loss of employment to healthcare barriers, the pandemic forced many Haitians/Haitian Americans into greater economic and social instability. Interventions addressing these issues should recognize how these factors may interact and compound the experiences of this group. Health and public health agencies should work alongside community partners to build trust so that preventive efforts will be more readily accepted during public health emergencies.
目的
探索和描述佛罗里达州迈阿密-戴德县海地人/海地裔美国人在 COVID-19 大流行期间的经历，包括他们对疫苗接种的态度和做法。
设计
我们使用半结构化访谈指南对佛罗里达州迈阿密-戴德县的 15 名社区成员和 15 名海地/海地裔美国人社区利益相关者进行了访谈。定性访谈于 2021 年 2 月 4 日至 2021 年 10 月 1 日进行，以英语和海地克里奥尔语进行，录音转录/翻译，并使用主题内容分析进行编码。
结果
分析揭示了 9 个主要主题：（1）对大流行的看法，（2）对 COVID-19 疫苗的担忧，（3）2021 年 2 月至 10 月的医疗保健机会，（4）人际关系动态，（5）对 COVID-19 诊断个体的看法，（6）对预防措施的看法（例如，戴口罩、手部卫生、保持社交距离、接种疫苗），（7）心理健康斗争和应对，（8）粮食不安全，以及（9）大流行的总体经历。研究结果表明，COVID-19 公共卫生紧急事件对海地人/海地裔美国人在多个领域产生了负面影响，包括就业、医疗保健机会、人际关系和粮食安全。
结论
这项研究呼应了 COVID-19 大流行期间多个弱势群体报告的累积负面经历。从失业到医疗保健障碍，大流行使许多海地人/海地裔美国人陷入更大的经济和社会不稳定。解决这些问题的干预措施应认识到这些因素如何相互作用并使该群体的经历复杂化。卫生和公共卫生机构应与社区合作伙伴合作建立信任，以便在公共卫生紧急情况下更愿意接受预防措施。
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