Nikolaou Maria, Theodorakis Nikolaos, Feretzakis Georgios, Vamvakou Georgia, Hitas Christos, Kalantzi Sofia, Spyridaki Aikaterini, Apostolos Anastasios, Verykios Vassilios S, Toutouzas Konstantinos
Department of Cardiology, Sismanogleio-Amalia Fleming General Hospital, 14 25is Martiou Str., Melissia 15127, Greece; Geriatric Outpatient Clinic, Sismanogleio-Amalia Fleming General Hospital, 14 25is Martiou Str., Melissia 15127, Greece.
Department of Cardiology, Sismanogleio-Amalia Fleming General Hospital, 14 25is Martiou Str., Melissia 15127, Greece; Geriatric Outpatient Clinic, Sismanogleio-Amalia Fleming General Hospital, 14 25is Martiou Str., Melissia 15127, Greece; School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias, Athens 11527, Greece.
Hellenic J Cardiol. 2024 Aug 28. doi: 10.1016/j.hjc.2024.08.009.
This nationwide study aims to analyze mortality trends for all individual causes in Greece from 2001 to 2020, with a specific focus on 2020, a year influenced by the COVID-19 pandemic. As Greece is the fastest-aging country in Europe, the study's findings can be generalized to other aging societies, guiding the reevaluation of global health policies.
Data on the population and the number of deaths were retrieved from the Hellenic Statistical Authority. We calculated age-standardized mortality rates (ASMR) and cause-specific mortality rates by sex in three age groups (0-64, 65-79, and 80+ years) from 2001 to 2020. Proportional mortality rates for 2020 were determined. Statistical analysis used generalized linear models with Python Programming Language.
From 2001 to 2020, the ASMR of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) decreased by 42.7% (p < 0.0001), with declines in most sub-causes, except for hypertensive diseases, which increased by 2.8-fold (p < 0.0001). In 2020, the proportional mortality rates of the three leading causes were 34.9% for CVD, 23.5% for neoplasms, and 9.6% for respiratory diseases (RD). In 2020, CVD were the leading cause of death among individuals aged 80+ years (39.3%), while neoplasms were the leading cause among those aged 0-79 years (37.7%). Among cardiovascular sub-causes, cerebrovascular diseases were predominant in the 80+ year age group (30.3%), while ischemic heart diseases were most prevalent among those aged 0-79 years (up to 60.0%).
The global phenomenon of population aging necessitates a reframing of health policies in our aging societies, focusing on diseases with either a high mortality burden, such as CVD, neoplasms, and RD, or those experiencing increasing trends, such as hypertensive diseases.
这项全国性研究旨在分析2001年至2020年希腊所有个体病因的死亡率趋势，特别关注受2019冠状病毒病大流行影响的2020年。由于希腊是欧洲老龄化速度最快的国家，该研究结果可推广至其他老龄化社会，为全球卫生政策的重新评估提供指导。
从希腊统计局获取人口和死亡人数数据。我们计算了2001年至2020年三个年龄组（0至64岁、65至79岁和80岁以上）按性别划分的年龄标准化死亡率（ASMR）和特定病因死亡率。确定了2020年的比例死亡率。使用Python编程语言通过广义线性模型进行统计分析。
2001年至2020年，心血管疾病（CVD）的ASMR下降了42.7%（p<0.0001），大多数亚病因呈下降趋势，但高血压疾病除外，其增加了2.8倍（p<0.0001）。2020年，三大主要病因的比例死亡率分别为：CVD占34.9%，肿瘤占23.5%，呼吸系统疾病（RD）占9.6%。2020年，CVD是80岁以上人群的主要死因（39.3%），而肿瘤是0至79岁人群的主要死因（37.7%）。在心血管亚病因中，脑血管疾病在80岁以上年龄组中占主导地位（30.3%），而缺血性心脏病在0至79岁人群中最为普遍（高达60.0%）。
全球人口老龄化现象要求我们在老龄化社会中重新制定卫生政策，重点关注死亡率负担高的疾病，如CVD、肿瘤和RD，或呈上升趋势的疾病，如高血压疾病。
