Department of Pediatric Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, #37 Guo-Xue-Xiang, Chengdu, 610041, China.
BMC Pediatr. 2024 Aug 30;24(1):554. doi: 10.1186/s12887-024-05021-5.
Urachal carcinoma is an extremely rare malignant tumor originating from the urachus. Urachal adenocarcinoma has never been reported in patients under 20 years of age. In this case, we describe a 15-year-old patient with urachal adenocarcinoma and propose possible risk factors.
The patient presented with hematuria for two months and dysuria for one month, and had a history of smoking and alcohol consumption for three years. Ultrasonography showed an irregular mass on the anterior wall of the bladder. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography revealed a pedicled soft tissue mass measuring 2.6×2.4 cm within the bladder, showing significant enhancement. Partial cystectomy was conducted, and a histopathological diagnosis of urachal adenocarcinoma (T2N0M0) was made. During eight months of follow-up, the patient remained asymptomatic with no evidence of recurrence.
Urachal remnants may lead to urinary symptoms and the development of urachal carcinoma. A history of smoking and alcohol consumption could be possible risk factors for urachal adenocarcinoma in this case. It is possible that urachal remnants can undergo malignant transformation, even at ages as young as 15 years. Regular follow-up should be recommended for patients whose urachal remnants persist beyond childhood.
脐尿管癌是一种罕见的起源于脐尿管的恶性肿瘤。20 岁以下患者的脐尿管腺癌尚未见报道。在此，我们描述了一例 15 岁脐尿管腺癌患者，并提出可能的危险因素。
患者因血尿 2 个月，尿痛 1 个月就诊，有 3 年吸烟和饮酒史。超声检查显示膀胱前壁不规则肿块。增强 CT 显示膀胱内有一蒂状软组织肿块，大小为 2.6×2.4cm，明显强化。行部分膀胱切除术，组织病理学诊断为脐尿管腺癌（T2N0M0）。8 个月的随访期间，患者无症状，无复发迹象。
脐尿管残余物可能导致尿路症状和脐尿管癌的发生。吸烟和饮酒史可能是本例脐尿管腺癌的可能危险因素。脐尿管残余物甚至在 15 岁时也可能发生恶性转化。对于脐尿管残余物持续存在于儿童期后的患者，应建议定期随访。
