Nagano Masahiro, Kabayama Mai, Ohata Yuka, Kido Michiko, Rakugi Hiromi, Kamide Kei
Nagano Clinic, Izumiotsu, Japan.
Department of Health Science, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan.
Geriatr Gerontol Int. 2024 Oct;24(10):1060-1066. doi: 10.1111/ggi.14976. Epub 2024 Aug 30.
This study aimed to examine the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on physical components and activity, and its relationship to physical performance in older adults.
Sixty-seven participants aged 75 and older (81 ± 2 years, female: 66%), who underwent medical checkups continuously from 2018 to 2022 in one clinic, were enrolled. Muscle mass was assessed by the biometrical impedance analysis method, which was adjusted by height squared. Physical, oral, and cognitive performance data were obtained from Japanese standard questionnaires at medical checkups. Values obtained in 2018 and 2019 were defined as pre-pandemic, and those in 2021 and 2022 were defined as during the pandemic.
Body weight, grip strength, and skeletal mass index did not change from 2018 to 2022, but trunk muscle mass index decreased significantly. A difference in the trunk muscle mass index (TMI) was observed between 2022 and 2018/2019 in men; however, a significant difference was found between 2021 and 2022 in women. Compared with the pre-pandemic period, TMI during the pandemic decreased only in men. The difference in TMI between the pre-pandemic period and during the pandemic (ΔTMI) was significantly decreased in participants with low physical activity and poor oral performance before the pandemic, and in those with falls and poor cognitive function during the pandemic only in men.
Reduction of trunk muscle mass was related to falls and poor cognitive function during the COVID-19 pandemic in older male adults. These data suggest that the difference in response to the COVID-19 pandemic between men and women necessitates different types of support for older adults. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2024; 24: 1060-1066.
本研究旨在探讨新冠疫情对老年人身体成分和活动的影响，以及其与身体机能的关系。
选取67名年龄在75岁及以上（81±2岁，女性占66%）的参与者，他们于2018年至2022年期间在一家诊所持续接受体检。通过生物电阻抗分析法评估肌肉量，并根据身高平方进行调整。身体、口腔和认知机能数据来自体检时的日本标准问卷。将2018年和2019年获得的值定义为疫情前，2021年和2022年的值定义为疫情期间。
2018年至2022年期间，体重、握力和骨骼质量指数没有变化，但躯干肌肉质量指数显著下降。男性在2022年与2018/2019年之间观察到躯干肌肉质量指数（TMI）存在差异；然而，女性在2021年和2022年之间发现了显著差异。与疫情前相比，疫情期间的TMI仅在男性中有所下降。在疫情前身体活动水平低、口腔机能差的参与者，以及仅在男性中疫情期间有跌倒和认知功能差的参与者中，疫情前和疫情期间的TMI差异（ΔTMI）显著降低。
在新冠疫情期间，老年男性躯干肌肉量的减少与跌倒和认知功能差有关。这些数据表明，男性和女性对新冠疫情的反应差异使得需要为老年人提供不同类型的支持。《老年医学与老年病学国际杂志》2024年；24：1060 - 1066。
