Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 610000, China.
Rural Revitalization Development Service Centre, Zigong, China.
Poult Sci. 2024 Nov;103(11):104211. doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.104211. Epub 2024 Aug 14.
China has abundant local duck resource populations, and evaluating the characteristics of these breeds will help improve development and utilization. In this study, we conducted the first investigations of growth and slaughter performance on Sichuan Shelduck (n = 240), an endangered duck local breed. The average body weight is 1497.91 g at 90 d of age. According to the growth curve through data recorded every 2 wk, we observed a low relative growth rate (RGR) for the early growth stage. The RGR shows a decreasing trend with age increasing in the stage from 0 to 56 d of age. The SNP-based heritability estimation showed the growth rate has a relatively high heritability, indicating high genetic stability for this trait. In the correlation analysis, the percentage of leg muscle is positively correlated with the absolute growth rate (AGR) at 28 to 42 d of age, whereas it is negatively correlated with the earlier stages, exhibiting a time-specific correlation result. Additionally, genome-wide association studies (GWAS) identified PCSK6, TOX2, and TOMM7 as potential candidate genes influencing AGR (42-56) and AGR (56-90), while the candidate genes of slaughter traits were PTP4A2, FAM110B, TOX, UBXN2B, and FCHSD2. These results provide an important reference for further understanding the genetic basis of growth and meat production performance of Sichuan Shelduck.
中国拥有丰富的地方鸭资源种群，评估这些品种的特点将有助于提高其开发和利用水平。在这项研究中，我们首次对濒危鸭地方品种四川麻鸭（n = 240）的生长和屠宰性能进行了调查。90 日龄时，平均体重为 1497.91 克。根据每 2 周记录一次数据的生长曲线，我们观察到早期生长阶段的相对生长率（RGR）较低。RGR 从 0 到 56 日龄阶段呈下降趋势。基于 SNP 的遗传力估计表明，生长速度具有相对较高的遗传力，表明该性状具有较高的遗传稳定性。在相关分析中，28 至 42 日龄时腿肌百分比与绝对生长率（AGR）呈正相关，而与早期阶段呈负相关，表现出特定时间的相关性结果。此外，全基因组关联研究（GWAS）鉴定出 PCSK6、TOX2 和 TOMM7 是影响 AGR（42-56）和 AGR（56-90）的潜在候选基因，而屠宰性状的候选基因是 PTP4A2、FAM110B、TOX、UBXN2B 和 FCHSD2。这些结果为进一步了解四川麻鸭生长和肉质生产性能的遗传基础提供了重要参考。
