Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, PR China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of molecular targeted anti-tumor drug development and evaluation, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, PR China.
Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, PR China.
Pharmacol Res. 2024 Oct;208:107386. doi: 10.1016/j.phrs.2024.107386. Epub 2024 Aug 30.
Chirality plays a crucial function in the regulation of normal physiological processes and is widespread in organisms. Chirality can be imparted to nanomaterials, whether they are natural or manmade, through the process of asymmetric assembly and/or grafting of molecular chiral groups or linkers. Chiral inorganic nanomaterials possess unique physical and chemical features that set them apart from regular nanomaterials. They also have the ability to interact with cells and tissues in a specific manner, making them useful in various biomedical applications, particularly in the treatment of tumors. Despite the growing amount of research on chiral inorganic nanomaterials in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and their promising potential applications, there is a lack of literature that comprehensively summarizes the intricate interactions between chiral inorganic nanomaterials and TME. In this review, we introduce the fundamental concept, classification, synthesis methods, and physicochemical features of chiral inorganic nanomaterials. Next, we briefly outline the components of TME, such as T cells, macrophages, dendritic cells, and weak acids, and then discuss the anti-tumor effects of several chiral inorganic nanoparticles targeting these components and their potential for possible application during cancer therapy. Finally, the present challenges faced by chiral inorganic nanomaterials in cancer treatment and their future areas of investigation are disclosed.
手性在调节正常生理过程中起着至关重要的作用，并且在生物体中广泛存在。通过不对称组装和/或分子手性基团或连接物的接枝，可以在手性纳米材料中赋予手性，无论是天然的还是人工合成的。手性无机纳米材料具有独特的物理和化学特性，使其有别于常规纳米材料。它们还能够以特定的方式与细胞和组织相互作用，因此在各种生物医学应用中非常有用，特别是在肿瘤治疗方面。尽管在手性无机纳米材料在肿瘤微环境（TME）中的研究越来越多，并且它们具有广阔的应用前景，但目前缺乏全面总结手性无机纳米材料与 TME 之间复杂相互作用的文献。在这篇综述中，我们介绍了手性无机纳米材料的基本概念、分类、合成方法和物理化学特性。接下来，我们简要概述了 TME 的组成部分，如 T 细胞、巨噬细胞、树突状细胞和弱酸性物质，然后讨论了几种针对这些成分的手性无机纳米颗粒的抗肿瘤作用及其在癌症治疗中可能的应用潜力。最后，揭示了手性无机纳米材料在癌症治疗中面临的当前挑战及其未来的研究领域。
