Hayes Lawrence D, Berry Ethan C J, Sanal-Hayes Nilihan E M, Sculthorpe Nicholas F, Buchan Duncan S, Mclaughlin Marie, Munishankar Sowmya, Tolson Debbie
Sport and Physical Activity Research Institute, School of Health and Life Sciences, University of the West of Scotland, Glasgow, UK; Lancaster Medical School, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK.
Sport and Physical Activity Research Institute, School of Health and Life Sciences, University of the West of Scotland, Glasgow, UK.
Am J Med. 2025 Feb;138(2):277-286.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2024.08.027. Epub 2024 Aug 30.
Body composition, blood pressure, estimated maximal oxygen uptake (VO), lung function, physical activity, muscle architecture, and endothelial function had not previously been examined in people with young onset dementia. Therefore, the study measured these variables in a young onset dementia group, compared them to age-matched controls.
Estimated VO (via the Astrand-Rhyming test), body composition, blood pressure, lung function (via spirometry), muscle architecture (via ultrasonography), and endothelial function (via flow-mediated dilation) were assessed. Physical activity was measured using ActiGraph accelerometers for 7 days.
We recruited 33 participants (16 young onset dementia, 17 controls). The young onset dementia group had shorter fascicle lengths of the vastus lateralis, were sedentary for longer over a 7-day period, and completed less moderate-vigorous physical activity than controls (P = .028, d = 0.81; large effect, P = .029, d = 0.54; moderate effect, and P = .014, d = 0.97; large effect, respectively for pairwise comparisons). Pairwise comparisons suggest no differences at the P < .05 level between young onset dementia and controls for estimated VO (despite a moderate effect size [d = 0.66]), height, body mass, BMI, blood pressure, light physical activity, lung function, muscle thickness, pennation angle, or endothelial function.
This study highlights differences between people with young onset dementia and controls, underscoring the need for multicomponent exercise interventions. Future interventions should target muscle architecture, increase moderate-vigorous physical activity, and reduce sedentariness, with the goal of improving quality of life and promoting functional independence.
此前尚未对早发性痴呆患者的身体成分、血压、估计最大摄氧量（VO）、肺功能、身体活动、肌肉结构和内皮功能进行过研究。因此，本研究对早发性痴呆组的这些变量进行了测量，并将其与年龄匹配的对照组进行比较。
评估了估计的VO（通过阿斯兰德-莱明测试）、身体成分、血压、肺功能（通过肺活量测定法）、肌肉结构（通过超声检查）和内皮功能（通过血流介导的血管舒张）。使用ActiGraph加速度计测量7天的身体活动情况。
我们招募了33名参与者（16名早发性痴呆患者，17名对照组）。早发性痴呆组的股外侧肌束长度较短，在7天内久坐时间更长，且与对照组相比，进行的中度至剧烈身体活动较少（两两比较时，P = 0.028，d = 0.81；大效应，P = 0.029，d = 0.54；中度效应，P = 0.014，d = 0.97；大效应）。两两比较表明，在P < 0.05水平上，早发性痴呆组与对照组在估计的VO（尽管效应量中等[d = 0.66]）、身高、体重、体重指数、血压、轻度身体活动、肺功能、肌肉厚度、羽状角或内皮功能方面没有差异。
本研究突出了早发性痴呆患者与对照组之间的差异，强调了多组分运动干预的必要性。未来的干预措施应针对肌肉结构，增加中度至剧烈身体活动，并减少久坐时间，以改善生活质量并促进功能独立性为目标。
