Analytical Food Chemistry, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany.
Analytical BioGeoChemistry, Helmholtz Association, Helmholtz Munich, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany.
J Agric Food Chem. 2024 Sep 11;72(36):20048-20055. doi: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c05099. Epub 2024 Sep 1.
The removal of husks before the mashing process, also known as the Kubessa method, is an established brewing practice often positively associated with smoothness and better flavor-stability of beer. Empirical evidence on the effect of the Kubessa method on beer, however, has been lacking. Similarly, our study's comprehensive analysis of established brewing attributes revealed that traditional methods do not fully capture the impact of husk separation in beer brewing. Conclusive evidence of the Kubessa method's impact on beer aging chemistry was obtained through ultrahigh resolution mass spectrometry (FT-ICR-MS), revealing intricate molecular details inaccessible to conventional analytical techniques. The compositional information on thousands of molecules in Kubessa beer was resolved and compared to whole malt mashing. Machine learning algorithms applied to aging experiments identified over 500 aging-related compounds inhibited by husk separation. Complementary Time of flight mass spectrometry (ToF-MS) coupled with chromatography further confirmed that the mashing of husks introduces sulfur-containing lipid compounds. These significant differences in the beer composition provide valuable insights for further investigation into the staling protective effect of husk-separation (Kubessa process) during beer production, as empirically demonstrated in this work.
在糖化过程之前去除外壳,也称为库贝斯法,是一种已确立的酿造实践,通常与啤酒的光滑度和更好的风味稳定性有关。然而,关于库贝斯法对啤酒的影响的经验证据一直缺乏。同样,我们对既定酿造属性的综合分析表明,传统方法不能完全捕捉到啤酒酿造中外壳分离的影响。通过超高分辨率质谱(FT-ICR-MS)获得了库贝斯法对啤酒陈化化学影响的确凿证据,揭示了传统分析技术无法获得的复杂分子细节。通过超高效液相色谱-傅里叶变换离子回旋共振质谱(UPLC-FT-ICR-MS)对库贝斯啤酒中数千种分子的组成信息进行了解析,并与全麦芽糖化进行了比较。应用于陈化实验的机器学习算法鉴定出 500 多种因壳分离而受抑制的陈化相关化合物。补充的飞行时间质谱(ToF-MS)与色谱法进一步证实,糖化过程中引入了含硫脂质化合物。啤酒成分的这些显著差异为进一步研究啤酒生产过程中壳分离(库贝斯工艺)的防老化保护作用提供了有价值的见解,正如本工作中经验证的那样。