Moncayo Miguel, Teran Enrique, Gutierrez Bernardo, Reyes Jorge, Cortez Johanna, Tobar Rodrigo, Yerovi Gabriela, Robalino Marcia, Aguilar Ana, Garzon-Chavez Daniel
Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Quito, Ecuador.
Laboratorio Clínico Dr. Alberto Moncayo Calero, Quito, Ecuador.
Adv Virol. 2024 Aug 23;2024:8823341. doi: 10.1155/2024/8823341. eCollection 2024.
Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection affects 257-291 million people worldwide. The World Health Organization reported 890,000 HBV-related deaths in 2019, higher than reported previously. There are 10 HBV genotypes (A-J) subdivided into several subgenotypes that differ considerably by geography. Various virologic factors, including genotype and subgenotype, impact the odds of acquiring a chronic HBV infection, the type of treatment prescribed, and the risk of developing hepatocarcinoma. Information on the HBV genotypes and subgenotypes that circulate in Ecuador remains low. To address this gap, the current study took a preliminary look at HBV-infected human samples from this region to identify the most common genotypes and subgenotypes. Samples from 44 patients in the Andean, Coastal, and Amazon regions of Ecuador were amplified and two major genotypes were identified, genotype F (42/44; 95.5%) and genotype E (2 patients; 4.5%). The genotype F subgenotypes were F3 (35/42; 83.33%), F4 (6/42; 14.28%), and F1b (1/42, 2.39%). This is the first epidemiological study to assess the distribution of HBV genotypes in Ecuador. The findings can inform antiviral drug effectivity studies specific to HBV genotypes prevalent in South America.
慢性乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）感染影响着全球2.57亿至2.91亿人。世界卫生组织报告称，2019年有89万例与HBV相关的死亡病例，高于此前报告的数据。HBV有10种基因型（A - J），可进一步细分为几种亚型，这些亚型在地理分布上差异很大。包括基因型和亚型在内的各种病毒学因素会影响感染慢性HBV的几率、所开治疗的类型以及患肝癌的风险。关于在厄瓜多尔流行的HBV基因型和亚型的信息仍然很少。为了填补这一空白，本研究初步观察了该地区HBV感染的人类样本，以确定最常见的基因型和亚型。对来自厄瓜多尔安第斯、沿海和亚马逊地区44名患者的样本进行了扩增，鉴定出两种主要基因型，即基因型F（42/44；95.5%）和基因型E（2例患者；4.5%）。基因型F的亚型为F3（35/42；83.33%）、F4（6/42；14.28%）和F1b（1/42，2.39%）。这是第一项评估厄瓜多尔HBV基因型分布的流行病学研究。这些发现可为针对南美洲流行的HBV基因型的抗病毒药物有效性研究提供参考。
