Dou Mengru, Li Yuhang, Hao Yu, Zhang Kangzhuang, Yin Xiao, Feng Zinuo, Xu Xi, Zhang Qi, Bao Wenwu, Chen Xi, Liu Guotian, Wang Yuejin, Tian Ling, Xu Yan
State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, Northwest Agriculture & Forestry University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.
College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.
Front Plant Sci. 2024 Aug 16;15:1446288. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1446288. eCollection 2024.
Grape is of high economic value. , a pathogen causing grape ripe rot and leaf spot, threatens grape production and quality.
This study investigates the interplay between by Cytological study and transcriptome sequencing.
Different grapevine germplasms, cv. Thompson Seedless (TS), accession Beaumont (B) and Liuba-8 (LB-8) were classified as highly sensitive, moderate resistant and resistant to , respectively. Cytological study analysis reveals distinct differences between susceptible and resistant grapes post-inoculation, including faster pathogen development, longer germination tubes, normal appressoria of and absence of white secretions in the susceptible host grapevine. To understand the pathogenic mechanisms of , transcriptome sequencing was performed on the susceptible grapevine "TS" identifying 236 differentially expressed genes. These included 56 effectors, 36 carbohydrate genes, 5 P450 genes, and 10 genes involved in secondary metabolism. Fungal effectors are known as pivotal pathogenic factors that modulate plant immunity and affect disease development. -mediated transient transformation in screened 10 effectors (CvA13877, CvA01508, CvA05621, CvA00229, CvA07043, CvA05569, CvA12648, CvA02698, CvA14071 and CvA10999) that inhibited INF1 (infestans 1, PAMP elicitor) induced cell death and 2 effectors (CvA02641 and CvA11478) that induced cell death. Additionally, transcriptome analysis of "TS" in response to identified differentially expressed grape genes related to plant hormone signaling (, , , and ), resveratrol biosynthesis genes (), phenylpropanoid biosynthesis genes ( and ), photosynthetic antenna proteins ( and ), transcription factors (, , , , , and ), ROS (reactive oxygen species) clearance genes (, , and ), and disease-related genes (, and ).
This study highlights the potential functional diversity of effectors. Our findings lay a foundation for further research of infection mechanisms in and identification of disease response targets in grape.
葡萄具有很高的经济价值。葡萄座腔菌是一种导致葡萄成熟腐烂和叶斑病的病原菌，威胁着葡萄的产量和品质。
本研究通过细胞学研究和转录组测序来探究葡萄座腔菌之间的相互作用。
不同的葡萄种质，如汤普森无核葡萄（TS）、博蒙特葡萄品种（B）和留坝-8葡萄（LB-8），分别被归类为对葡萄座腔菌高度敏感、中度抗性和抗性品种。细胞学研究分析揭示了接种后易感和抗性葡萄之间的明显差异，包括病原菌发育更快、萌发管更长、葡萄座腔菌附着胞正常以及易感宿主葡萄中没有白色分泌物。为了了解葡萄座腔菌的致病机制，对易感葡萄“TS”进行了转录组测序，鉴定出236个差异表达的基因。这些基因包括56个效应子、36个碳水化合物基因、5个细胞色素P450基因和10个参与次生代谢的基因。真菌效应子是调节植物免疫并影响疾病发展的关键致病因素。通过葡萄座腔菌介导的瞬时转化筛选出10个抑制INF1（致病疫霉激发子）诱导细胞死亡的效应子（CvA13877、CvA01508、CvA05621、CvA00229、CvA07043、CvA05569、CvA12648、CvA02698、CvA14071和CvA10999）以及2个诱导细胞死亡的效应子（CvA02641和CvA11478）。此外，对“TS”响应葡萄座腔菌的转录组分析鉴定出了与植物激素信号传导（生长素、细胞分裂素、赤霉素和脱落酸）、白藜芦醇生物合成基因（芪合酶）、苯丙烷生物合成基因（苯丙氨酸解氨酶和4-香豆酸辅酶A连接酶）、光合天线蛋白（叶绿素a/b结合蛋白和捕光叶绿素a/b蛋白）、转录因子（WRKY、MYB、NAC、AP2/ERF、bZIP、锌指蛋白和热激转录因子）、活性氧（ROS）清除基因（超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶、过氧化物酶和谷胱甘肽还原酶）以及疾病相关基因（病程相关蛋白、几丁质酶和β-1,3-葡聚糖酶）相关的差异表达葡萄基因。
本研究突出了葡萄座腔菌效应子潜在的功能多样性。我们的研究结果为进一步研究葡萄座腔菌的感染机制和鉴定葡萄中的疾病反应靶点奠定了基础。
