Chen Yu-Hang, Ren Cong-Ying, Liao Yu
Department of Operations Management, Chongqing Mental Health Center, Chongqing, China.
Department of Hospital Infection Control, Chongqing Mental Health Center, Chongqing, China.
Front Psychiatry. 2024 Aug 16;15:1414332. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1414332. eCollection 2024.
Hospital-acquired pneumonia is one of the most important causes of recurrent illness, disease progression, and even death during hospitalization. Patients with schizophrenia have the special characteristics of their disease, and at the same time, the occurrence of hospital-acquired pneumonia is more common among patients with schizophrenia due to the prolonged stay in closed wards, accompanied by various factors such as age, gender, and nutritional status.
The PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and China Biomedical Literature Database (CBM) databases were searched with a timeframe of build to February 2024 to collect studies on factors influencing hospital-acquired pneumonia in patients with schizophrenia. Two researchers independently screened the literature, extracted data, and analyzed them.
A total of 5 papers including 85246 patients were included in the literature, which suggested that benzodiazepines (especially the use of clozapine), combination of antipsychotics, mood stabilizers, modified electroconvulsive therapy (MECT), duration of hospitalization, underlying diseases, hyperglycemia, and salivation/dysphagia were important risk factors for hospital-acquired pneumonia in schizophrenia patients, and that advanced age, smoking and alcohol drinking Older age, smoking and drinking habits, malnutrition, and underlying diseases are also risk factors for hospital-acquired pneumonia.
Patients with schizophrenia are at a higher risk of developing hospital-acquired pneumonia, so identifying the risk factors associated with hospital-acquired pneumonia and evaluating them comprehensively and promptly during hospitalization facilitates the development of early interventions, which are essential for improving the prognosis of patients with schizophrenia.
医院获得性肺炎是住院期间反复发病、疾病进展甚至死亡的最重要原因之一。精神分裂症患者具有其疾病的特殊特征，同时，由于长期住在封闭病房，伴随着年龄、性别和营养状况等各种因素，医院获得性肺炎在精神分裂症患者中更为常见。
检索PubMed、Web of Science、Cochrane图书馆、中国知网（CNKI）和中国生物医学文献数据库（CBM）数据库，检索时间范围为建库至2024年2月，以收集关于影响精神分裂症患者医院获得性肺炎因素的研究。两名研究人员独立筛选文献、提取数据并进行分析。
共纳入5篇文献，包括85246例患者，结果表明苯二氮卓类药物（尤其是氯氮平的使用）、抗精神病药物联合使用、心境稳定剂、改良电休克治疗（MECT）、住院时间、基础疾病、高血糖以及流涎/吞咽困难是精神分裂症患者医院获得性肺炎的重要危险因素，高龄、吸烟和饮酒习惯、营养不良以及基础疾病也是医院获得性肺炎的危险因素。
精神分裂症患者发生医院获得性肺炎的风险较高，因此识别与医院获得性肺炎相关的危险因素并在住院期间进行全面及时的评估有助于制定早期干预措施，这对于改善精神分裂症患者的预后至关重要。
